Ecophysiology of Omega Fatty Acids: A Lid for Every Jar

Arnold, Walter; Giroud, Sylvain; Valencak, Teresa G.; Ruf, T.

doi:10.1152/physiol.00047.2014

Cited by 52 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 119 publications

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“…Seasonal variation in body temperature is preceded by changes in the composition of cellular membranes, which consists of the integration of nutritionally acquired polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) into phopsholipids during periods of cold acclimatization (196). In addition to seasonal changes, even daily rhythmic changes in the phospholipid fatty acid composition of membranes have been found in humans along with changes in body temperature (197). Furthermore, physical exercise can alter the lipid composition of membranes, for example by increasing the concentration of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in skeletal muscle phospholipids (198) and by enhancing insulin sensitivity, probably through increasing insulin receptor expression levels.…”

Section: Major Differences Exist In Levels Of Serum Biomarkers Of Micmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel treatment strategies for chronic kidney disease: insights from the animal kingdom

Stenvinkel

Painer²,

Kuro‐o

et al. 2018

Nat Rev Nephrol

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Many of the >2 million animal species that inhabit Earth have developed survival mechanisms that aid in the prevention of obesity, kidney disease, starvation, dehydration and vascular ageing; however, some animals remain susceptible to these complications. Domestic and captive wild felids, for example, show susceptibility to chronic kidney disease (CKD), potentially linked to the high protein intake of these animals. By contrast, naked mole rats are a model of longevity and are protected from extreme environmental conditions through mechanisms that provide resistance to oxidative stress. Biomimetic studies suggest that the transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) offers protection in extreme environmental conditions and promotes longevity in the animal kingdom. Similarly, during months of fasting, immobilization and anuria, hibernating bears are protected from muscle wasting, azotaemia, thrombotic complications, organ damage and osteoporosis - features that are often associated with CKD. Improved understanding of the susceptibility and protective mechanisms of these animals and others could provide insights into novel strategies to prevent and treat several human diseases, such as CKD and ageing-associated complications. An integrated collaboration between nephrologists and experts from other fields, such as veterinarians, zoologists, biologists, anthropologists and ecologists, could introduce a novel approach for improving human health and help nephrologists to find novel treatment strategies for CKD.

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Section: Major Differences Exist In Levels Of Serum Biomarkers Of Micmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel treatment strategies for chronic kidney disease: insights from the animal kingdom

Stenvinkel

Painer²,

Kuro‐o

et al. 2018

Nat Rev Nephrol

Self Cite

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“…PUFAs influence cellular membrane fluidity, functions, signaling and expression (Jump, 2002). They play essential roles in brain functioning (Bradbury, 2011;Uauy, Hoffman, Peirano, Birch, & Birch, 2001), whole body metabolism (Arnold, Giroud, Valencak, & Ruf, 2015;Geiser & Kenagy, 1987;Hulbert, 2010;McGuire, Fenton, & Guglielmo, 2013;Munro & Thomas, 2004), muscular performance (Valencak, Arnold, Tataruch, & Ruf, 2003), immunity (Stanley & Miller, 2006;Stanley-Samuelson et al, 1991;Ziboh, Miller, & Cho, 2000) and reproduction (Fair, Doyle, Diskin, Hennessy, & Kenny, 2014;Rahman, Gasparini, Turchini, & Evans, 2014;Safarinejad, Hosseini, Dadkhah, & Asgari, 2010;Strzeżek, Fraser, Kuklińska, Dziekońska, & Lecewicz, 2004;Zalata, Christophe, Depuydt, Schoonjans, & Comhaire, 1998). Animal species use a combination of desaturases and elongases to convert alpha-linolenic acid (ALA, 18:3ω-3) and linoleic acid (LA,) into longer polyunsaturated chains.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diet Induced Modifications of Fatty-Acid Composition in Mealworm Larvae (Tenebrio molitor)

Fasel

Mène-Saffrané

Ruczyński

et al. 2017

JFR

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The diet of Western human societies is characterized by an excess of saturated fatty acids (FAs) and a high concentration of ω-6 relative to ω-3 polyunsaturated FA (PUFA). These unbalanced diets are suspected to trigger diseases and disorders. To alleviate this public health concern, the production of healthier meat with more PUFAs of higher ω-3 concentration could potentially be achieved by modifying livestock diets. The high nutritional value and limited breeding costs of edible insects have brought insect feed into the discussion as a promising fat source for animal and human diets. In this study, we sought to increase the amount of ω-3 PUFAs in mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) larvae. We investigated the effects of diets varying in ω-3/ω-6 ratio and FA concentration but similar in PUFA proportion on larva FA composition. Mealworm larvae showed significant plasticity in lipid composition. High dietary ω-3/ω-6 ratios induced an increase in the proportion of ω-3 and a decrease in ω-6, which resulted in higher larval ω-3/ω-6 ratios, but also in higher larval PUFA proportion. Increasing FA concentrations in larva diets also favored the accumulation of PUFAs to the detriment of monounsaturated and saturated FAs. Providing ω-3-rich seeds to mealworm larvae could allow the production of economical animal fat with healthier PUFA percentages (> 60%) and ω-3/ω-6 ratios (>0.5).

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“…2), corroborating results found in other species (Mourvaki et al 2010, Maranesi et al 2018. PUFAs may increase the activity of trans-membrane proteins (Giroud et al 2013, Arnold et al 2015, which would then favour sperm movements (Stubbs & Smith 1984, Kho et al 2001, Ren et al 2001, Storey 2008). In addition, PUFAs' lower melting temperatures may provide sperm with a more flexible membrane, allowing more effective propulsion (Mortimer 1997, Pinot et al 2014.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In most species studied so far, mature sperm cells from the cauda epididymidis comprise a higher proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), and especially of n-3 PUFAs (also referred to as omega-3 fatty acids) in comparison to those from the caput (Parks & Hammerstedt 1985, Hall et al 1991, Aveldaño et al 1992, Haidl & Opper 1997, Pyttel et al 2014, Angrimani et al 2017. PUFAs possess molecular properties which increase membrane fluidity and influence transmembrane protein activities (Giroud et al 2013, Pinot et al 2014, Arnold et al 2015.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modification of sperm fatty acid composition during epididymal maturation in bats

et al. 2019

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Biochemical properties of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are fundamental to sperm movements. Amongst all adjustments operated during epididymal maturation, sperm membrane lipid composition is remodelled. Specifically, the proportion of PUFAs usually increases from the caput towards the cauda epididymidis. In mammals, PUFAs are predominantly acquired through the diet, which can consequently impact male fertility. We aimed at analysing to what extent n-6 and n-3 PUFAs are incorporated into sperm in the Seba's short-tailed bat (Carollia perspicillata), and at demonstrating the effect of the sperm fatty acid composition on sperm mobility. We therefore provided food varying in fatty acid composition to males of C. perspicillata and measured the fatty acid composition and mobility traits in spermatozoa collected from the caput and cauda epididymides. We found that n-6 and n-3 PUFAs and saturated fatty acids were significantly related to sperm velocity but not to the proportion of progressive sperm (i.e. motility). Concomitant to an increase in sperm velocity, the level of fatty acid saturation increased from the caput to the cauda epididymidis, while the proportion of PUFAs remained similar along the epididymis. A reduction in n-6 PUFAs counterbalanced an increase in n-3 PUFAs. The food treatments did not affect the sperm fatty acid composition. Our results suggest that a precise endogenous control rather than dietary effects determines sperm fatty acid composition in C. perspicillata.Reproduction (2019) 157 77-85

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Ecophysiology of Omega Fatty Acids: A Lid for Every Jar

Cited by 52 publications

References 119 publications

Novel treatment strategies for chronic kidney disease: insights from the animal kingdom

Novel treatment strategies for chronic kidney disease: insights from the animal kingdom

Diet Induced Modifications of Fatty-Acid Composition in Mealworm Larvae (Tenebrio molitor)

Modification of sperm fatty acid composition during epididymal maturation in bats

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