Economics of Biomass Gasification/Combustion at Fuel Ethanol Plants

Tiffany, Douglas G.; Morey, R. Vance; Kam, Matthew J. De

doi:10.13031/2013.26891

Cited by 19 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…(2) Residues such as stillage from drygrind ethanol plants were thought to be a high-value stream for animal feed production, representing about 20% of the total revenue in dry-grind plants. The total revenue from DDGS has, however, declined by nearly 50% in recent years (Tiffany et al, 2007). Thus, there is a need to find an alternative solution to the falling price of the residues/coproducts.…”

Section: Residues/wastes?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioenergy and Biofuel Production from Wastes/Residues of Emerging Biofuel Industries

Khanal¹,

Rasmussen²,

Shrestha³

et al. 2008

Water Environment Research

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Section: Residues/wastes?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioenergy and Biofuel Production from Wastes/Residues of Emerging Biofuel Industries

Khanal¹,

Rasmussen²,

Shrestha³

et al. 2008

Water Environment Research

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“…DDGS consists of several components including protein, fiber, fat, carbohydrates and ash and thus there are several opportunities to develop value-added applications of it. So far, DDGS has been considered in literature for combustion at bioenergy plants [3], in human food [4], as soil fertilizer [5] and herbicide [6], for extraction of fiber [7], oil [8] and zein protein [9], for producing bioadhesive [10], polyurethane foam [11] and thermoplastic film [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biocomposites from co-polypropylene and distillers’ grains

Zarrinbakhsh

Mohanty

Misra

2015

AIP Conference Proceedings

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An in-depth analysis of the physico-mechanical properties imparted by agricultural fibers and food processing residues in polypropylene biocomposites AIP Conference Proceedings 1664, 150007 (2015); https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4918503The effect of particle size on the rheological properties of polyamide 6/biochar composites AIP Conference Proceedings 1664, 150004 (2015) Abstract. In the present work, we have explored the polymeric composites of distillers' grains with co-polypropylene (co-PP). The effect of maleated-PP compatibilizer on mechanical, thermomechanical and physical properties was evaluated. The composite materials were produced by melt extrusion in a micro-compounder followed by injection molding in a micro-injection machine. The composites were characterized for their tensile, flexural and impact properties. Also, melt flow index and heat deflection temperature were measured. The results showed more than 30 % improvement in modulus when comparing the compatibilized biocomposite with neat co-PP. Also, the strength of the compatibilized biocomposite measured in tensile and flexural tests was comparable to or even better than that of the neat matrix. On the other hand, the reduced flexibility and toughness as a result of compatibilization were in an acceptable range. The biocomposites showed more rigidity at elevated temperatures. The produced distillers' grain biocomposites showed promises for industrial applications.

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“…24 However, an energetic use of DDGS in the ethanol mills could be beneficial in both eonomic and environmental terms to the final ethanol product. 25,26 However, despite these favorable characteristics, there is still a lack of fundamental data on the behavior of DDGS under thermal conversion conditions. In a previous study, we investigated the slow pyrolysis of DDGS in a thermogravimetric analyzer coupled with a Fourier transform infrared (TG-FTIR) spectrometer setup.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combustion Characteristics of Biomass Residues and Biowastes: Fate of Fuel Nitrogen

et al. 2010

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Biomass residues and wastes will have an important role in the future energy mix. Residues from agriculture or industrial processes are usually cheap, widespread, and continuously produced, and their heating value is comparable to that of wood. However, many of these materials are rich in proteins and, thus, nitrogen. Therefore, to be able to exploit these materials in an efficient way, fundamental research on their nitrogen chemistry is essential. In the work presented here, the release of gaseous compounds from five biomass residues from different processes was tested in a bench-scale single-particle reactor. The tested fuels were dry distiller's grains and solubles (DDGS), palm kernel cake (PKC), rapeseed cake (RC), fermented sewage sludge (FSS), and chicken manure (CM). All of these materials have sufficiently high heating values and are either already used or projected to be used soon in industrial-scale boilers. The setup allowed us to study the total C and N release and the nitrogen partitioning between volatiles and char. Release profiles of CO, CO 2 , and NO for each fuel were measured at 800, 900, and 1000°C and 3 and 10 vol % O 2 . DDGS, PKC, and RC showed similar release profiles, while FSS and CM reacted faster because of a lower content of fixed C and faster char oxidation because of the catalytic effect of the (high) inorganic content. The maximum amounts of carbon dioxide released from these fuels, 80-100 g of CO 2 /MJ, are similar to the levels for coals. The value of total N released as NO was minimum for FSS, 0.3 g of N/100 g dry basis (db), equal to around 0.5-0.6 g of N/100 g db for DDGS, PKC, and CM, and maximum for RC, equal to 0.8 g of N/100 g db. The total fuel N to NO conversion showed a trend similar to what was reported in past studies: the fuel with the lowest amount of fuel N, PKC in this study, released the most of initial N as NO, while the fuel with the highest fuel N content, CM, presented the lowest conversion. From the current analysis, it appears that under mild conditions, at 800°C, all of the fuels, except FSS, released carbon and nitrogen proportionally. FSS released most of its nitrogen during devolatilization at all temperatures, while for the other fuels, the amount of volatile N increased significantly with the temperature. The data presented here seem to indicate that the large amount of fuel N contained in the tested fuels could resort in enhanced thermal De-NO x reactions, which, with the correct operational conditions, could keep NO emissions below legal limits even without additional gas-cleaning equipment.

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Economics of Biomass Gasification/Combustion at Fuel Ethanol Plants

Cited by 19 publications

References 0 publications

Bioenergy and Biofuel Production from Wastes/Residues of Emerging Biofuel Industries

Bioenergy and Biofuel Production from Wastes/Residues of Emerging Biofuel Industries

Biocomposites from co-polypropylene and distillers’ grains

Combustion Characteristics of Biomass Residues and Biowastes: Fate of Fuel Nitrogen

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