“…Despite multiple publications describing productivity and billing practices as important future directions for study (e.g., Bruns, Kessler, & VanDorsten, 2014 ; Rozensky & Janicke, 2012 ; Tynan & Woods, 2013 ), an extensive literature review revealed no practice-based data on the percent of time BH providers spend in patient care; data on billing practices associated with BH services within primary care were also nonexistent. Like all models of service delivery, BH services within primary care should not be evaluated solely on the basis of economic viability, but must include such factors to demonstrate sustainability ( Goodheart, 2010 ). As we approach an era of unparalleled health care reform, psychology is not likely to maintain its footing within primary care in the absence of practice-based evidence to guide its future.…”