Nanoparticles of Al2O3, are proving to be versatile adsorbents in the purification of water/waste water in view of their large surface area, high surface energies and potentials and availability of surface functional groups for binding over the pollutants. The conventional physical and/or chemical methods of syntheses are tedious, costly, involve toxic chemicals and not eco-friendly. Hence, using the extracts of plants as reducing, capping or stabilizing agents, the researchers are synthesizing the nanoparticles and these bio-methods are producing nano-particles that are more bio-compatible and endowed with enhanced sorption nature than the nanoparticles conventionally synthesized. Moreover, these methods are simple and depend upon the naturally available non-toxic compounds in the rich flora available in our surroundings and thereby domesticating the complicated syntheses. In the present review, the investigations pertaining to the synthesis of Aluminum oxide nanoparticles with more emphasis on phyto-(green) methods, and their applications to the removal of toxic ions from water, are emphatically reviewed. The less/not trodden potential areas of research are identified in the context of using nanoparticles of Aluminum oxides as adsorbents for developing water remediation methods.