Economical Olive Cultivation by Selection of Suitable Variety in Pothwar Region of Pakistan

Abstract

Olive (Olea europaea) is very popular for producing premium quality edible oil, though it is the main crop of the Mediterranean region, playing a pivotal role in the economies of those countries. Its cultivation is increasing in other countries, including Pakistan, due to its wide adoptability and easy propagation technology. The very wide genetic variability of the plant is a reason for its popularity. Olive varieties behave differently in different climatic zones of the world. Pakistan has adopted various varieties for their cultivation in different olive production pockets. These studies were conducted in the Centre of Excellence for Olive Research & Training (CEFORT), Chakwal, to prioritize suitable olive varieties for Pakistan's economical olive oil business. The highest yield (2652 Kg/acre), Net Profit/acre (Rs. 271386), Oil Recovery/acre (331.7652Ltr.), and Oil income (331765.2) was observed in BARI Zaitoon-I while Average Oil Recovery (13.48%), Total Expenditure /Acre (61335.01) was observed in Arbiquina olive variety. BARI Zaitoon-1, BARI Zaitoon-2, Arbequina, and Koroneiki proved most suitable for cultivation in sub-mountainous areas of Pakistan. These varieties are recommended for olive cultivation in the Pothwar region due to their growth behavior, olive oil content, and good economic return. The difference in the fruit ripening period among these varieties results in the prolonged supply of raw material to the olive oil extraction industry.