Economic Transition and the Struggle for Local Control in Ecotourism Development: The Case of Kyrgyzstan

Palmer, Nicola

doi:10.1080/14724040608668446

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Because of its specific characteristics and systemic problems-in particular, its functioning in the global-local nexus [66][67][68]-tourism is an industry that is particularly exposed to sharing practices [19,20,47,69]. Dredge and Gyimóthy [19] identify the existing collaborative opportunities in the food, travel services, health and wellness, currency exchange, travel companions and support, accommodation and work space, transport and education industries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Sharing Economy and Sustainability of Urban Destinations in the (Over)tourism Context: The Social Capital Theory Perspective

et al. 2020

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This article contributes to the discussion on the sustainability of the sharing economy by adopting the Social Capital Theory to expand explanations of the sharing economy's role and scope of relations with local communities in the context of overtourism. As mutual relationships have not been fully recognized through a theoretical perspective, the article aims to examine the sustainability of the process of the sharing economy impacting urban tourism communities in light of Robert Putnam's approach to Social Capital Theory. On the basis of a selective systematic review, the article discusses the sustainability of the sharing economy through the lens of bridging and bonding social capital. We argue that a new configuration of social capital, i.e., a sharing platform-modified social capital, arises from the unsustainable and disruptive power of the sharing economy implemented by virtual platforms, thereby contributing to an overtourism syndrome. However, from a medium-and long-term perspective, the sharing economy also impacts the bridging nature of social capital, which should lead to a more sustainable balance in its structure. This initial framework for understanding the impact of the sharing economy on sustainability of local communities provides an alternative approach to studying residents' perceptions and attitudes towards tourism in the areas affected by overtourism.Sustainability 2020, 12, 2310 2 of 26 human and economic activity, strongly emphasizing its presence in the tourism industry, especially in accommodation, transport, catering and tourism experiences [19,20]. As the SE's impact is widely discussed through the prism of accommodation platforms [20][21][22][23] we mostly consider this sector of the tourism industry. Overtourism, in turn, is a place-specific and industry-related mechanism. As a temporary and 'explosive' phenomenon, it condenses all the aspects of visitors' activity and the tourism industry in affected destinations, including the experiences or services distributed or accessed by sharing. Thus, when these two phenomena are studied together, we can discuss tourism as a domain of the SE, and the 'sharing' aspects of overtourism.Yet, due to an early phase of their evolution and the eruptive nature of their expansion, mutual relationships of both phenomena have not been fully recognized, leaving a gap for further research. Even so, many researchers claim that the SE contributes to overtourism by jointly pushing urban gentrification processes, depopulation of city centers and other processes of social exclusion [3,[24][25][26][27][28]. In light of this, in this article we consider overtourism in the context of studying the impact of the SE expansion on local communities. The emerging overtourism syndrome may be one of first striking examples of the problems in which the SE is directly involved. Thus, the externalities resulting from the SE in (over)tourism context on the community level could be a laboratory for SE's influence in general.Although sustainability issues involving the SE have...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Sharing Economy and Sustainability of Urban Destinations in the (Over)tourism Context: The Social Capital Theory Perspective

et al. 2020

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“…In this period, and as part of a transition toward a market economy, Kyrgyzstan managed to attract the attention of foreign aid organizations, realizing the potential of Kyrgyzstan as a nature-based tourism destination. With its beautiful nature, rich fauna, and mountainous topography, Kyrgyzstan was soon promoted as a tourist destination of adventure, nature, and ecotourism (Allen, 2006; Palmer, 2006). This development strategy reflected global policy papers, such as Agenda 21 (United Nations Conference on Environment and Development, 1992) and the call from the UN Summit in Johannesburg in 2002, encouraging international donors to provide technical assistance to developing countries and transition economies to support tourism business development (UN, 2002: 26).…”

Section: Nature-based Tourism Development In Kyrgyzstanmentioning

confidence: 99%

From coal to cool: Reordering nature in post-Soviet Kyrgyzstan

Sturød

2019

Tourist Studies

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The article studies the transformation of a Kyrgyz coal-mining village into a tourism destination. By combining political ecology research approaches with concepts borrowed from Actor Network Theory (ANT), I attempt to show how nature-based tourism development contributes to a reordering of nature in certain ways rather than others. Supported by my empirical material, I suggest that this reordering of nature makes certain realities emerge, while others submerge. However, while some orderings of natures appear to be representing reality, it does not necessarily rule out multiple understandings of how nature "ought to look" or be used.

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“…Community-based ecotourism (CBET or CBE) is a concept that implies more explicit involvement of local communities and community empowerment in the development of ecotourism (Scheyvens, 2002in Palmer, 2006. Community-based ecotourism is tourism that reflects ecotourism objectives, is community-based and involves local people.…”

Section: Community-based Ecotourism and Poverty Alleviation In The Gr...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ross et al, (1999) examine the all too common gap that exists between ecotourism theory as revealed in the literature and ecotourism practice as indicated by its onsite application while Epler Wood (2001) notes that the mislabeling of ecotourism by businesses and governments seeking to cash in on its perceived market allure as a very thorny problem. Where local communities are concerned, Novelli et al, (2007) make reference to Tosun (2005) regarding the "short history of the participatory tourism development approach in the developing world" while case studies have been presented that provide evidence of the struggle for local control in ecotourism development (Palmer, 2006).…”

Section: Mayan Communities Of Punta Allen and Xcalak In Quintana Roo ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Eco-turismo como un medio de desarrollo comunitario: El caso de la población indígena del Gran Caribe

Garraway¹

2017

ARA:JTR

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El mercado mundial ofrece muchas clases de turismo con tipologías tan diversas como las experiencias demandadas por los turistas. Los destinos se especializan en modelos turísticos que satisfacen las necesidades y deseos del mercado turístico al cual atraen. Sin embargo, la investigación y la experiencia han demostrado que los diferentes modelos turísticos afectan de diferentes maneras a la población local de los destinos. Por ejemplo, algunos modelos favorecen la participación de comunidades históricamente marginadas más que otros. Este artículo se centra en dos modelos turísticos: el ecoturismo y el turismo basado en la comunidad. De naturaleza conceptual, se construye sobre investigaciones académicas previas e información secundaria aplicando el tópico del uso del ecoturismo como medio de desarrollo comunitario. Presenta exitosos estudios de casos de ecoturismo basados en la comunidad, haciendo una referencia especial a las poblaciones indígenas del Gran Caribe para establecer dichas conexiones. Hay razones para creer que las lecciones derivadas de estos estudios del caso serán de interés y de uso para otras comunidades indígenas en el Gran Caribe y similares regiones geográficas en búsqueda de una vía alternativa de desarrollo que conserve las áreas naturales al mismo tiempo que capitalice la oportunidad para el desarrollo del bienestar social y la diversificación económica, tanto para las presentes generaciones como para las futuras.

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Economic Transition and the Struggle for Local Control in Ecotourism Development: The Case of Kyrgyzstan

Cited by 13 publications

References 18 publications

The Sharing Economy and Sustainability of Urban Destinations in the (Over)tourism Context: The Social Capital Theory Perspective

The Sharing Economy and Sustainability of Urban Destinations in the (Over)tourism Context: The Social Capital Theory Perspective

From coal to cool: Reordering nature in post-Soviet Kyrgyzstan

Eco-turismo como un medio de desarrollo comunitario: El caso de la población indígena del Gran Caribe

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