“…Ranging from preventive measures such as social distancing, self-isolation, and travel restrictions; this pandemic has large macroeconomic consequences such as a high unemployment rate, reduced manufacturing activities, constrained global demand & trade including tourism (Haroon & Rizvi, 2020;Nicola et al, 2020;Shen et al, 2020;Batool et al, 2021;Fasanya, Adekoya, et al, 2022;Karbassi Yazdi et al, 2022). The pandemic has significantly affected the energy & commodity markets Shen et al, 2020;Fasanya, Oyewole, & Odei-Mensah, 2021;Fasanya, Oyewole, & Oliyide, 2021;Periola-Fatunsin et al, 2021), foreign exchange market (see Narayan, 2020;Fasanya, Oyewole, Adekoya, et al, 2021), stock markets (Al-Awadhi et al, 2020;Baker et al, 2020;Fasanya, Oyewole, & Oliyide, 2021;Fasanya, Periola, et al, 2022), as well as policy uncertainties (see Al-Yahyaee et al, 2020;Raheem et al, 2022). The policy response to external shocks emanating from the financial crisis or infectious disease pandemics, such as the current Covid-19 pandemic crisis needs to be informed by the peculiar response of the economy to such shocks.…”