Economic losses due to paratuberculosis in dairy cattle

Benedictus, G.; Dijkhuizen, A.A.; Stelwagen, J.

doi:10.1136/vr.121.7.142

Cited by 169 publications

(157 citation statements)

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“…Although these results support the antibody dilution theory, it has been documented that MAP-infected cows produce less milk than do their noninfected herdmates. 1,2,16 It is difficult to determine whether decreased milk production or increased antibody levels, or both, enable antibodies to be more readily detected in milk in animals with reduced production levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Milk and Serum Enzyme–Linked Immunosorbent Assays for Diagnosis ofMycobacterium AviumSubspeciesParatuberculosisInfection in Dairy Cattle

et al. 2006

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Abstract. Milk and serum samples from 35 dairy herds in 17 states were evaluated for cow-and herd-level Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) antibody test agreement. Evaluation of 6,349 samples suggested moderate agreement between milk and serum enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) results, with a kappa value of 0.50. Cow-level sensitivity (Se) for 18 dairy operations with 1,921 animals was evaluated relative to fecal culture results. At the cow level, the milk ELISA relative Se was not significantly different from that of the serum ELISA (21.2 and 23.5%, respectively). Logistic regression models revealed a positive association between lactation number and milk ELISA status. Non-Holstein cows were more likely to test milk ELISA positive than Holstein cows. Cows in the first 2 weeks of lactation and after week 45 of lactation were more likely to test milk ELISA positive than cows between 3 and 12 weeks of lactation. Milk production . 80% of herd average was negatively associated with testing milk ELISA positive. Animals in the West and Midwest regions were less likely than animals in the Southeast region to test ELISA positive by either test. Estimates for herd-level sensitivity for the milk and serum ELISA, relative to fecal culture results, ranged from 56 to 83%. At the cow and herd levels, milk ELISA performed equivalent to serum ELISA using fecal culture as a reference for MAP infection and has the advantage of decreased labor costs on farms that use Dairy Herd Improvement Association testing.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Milk and Serum Enzyme–Linked Immunosorbent Assays for Diagnosis ofMycobacterium AviumSubspeciesParatuberculosisInfection in Dairy Cattle

et al. 2006

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“…paratuberculosis which is found throughout the world [4,12]. It affects dairy industries by reducing milk yield and slaughter values, and increasing culling rates [1,3,8,10]. In the U.S.A., for example, annual economic losses due to Johne's disease have been estimated at US$200-250 million [17].…”

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confidence: 99%

Epidemiologic Indicators Associated with Within-farm Spread of Johne's Disease in Dairy Farms in Japan

Kobayashi

Tsutsui

Yamamoto

et al. 2007

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. Epidemiologic indicators associated with within-farm infection of Johne's disease in dairy farms in Japan were determined through a nationwide investigation of infected farms. We assumed that subsequent detection of the disease within one year after the first detection could represent the occurrence of within-farm spread occurring before the first detection. Of 594 infected farms, 158 farms (27%) had at least one additional detection. Logistic regression analysis using epidemiologic information obtained from infected farms at the time of the first detection revealed three epidemiologic indicators associated with subsequent detection. Farms at which the first cases included cattle with clinical signs were 3.8 (95% confidence interval: 2.2, 6.8) times more likely to have additional detections than those with cattle without clinical signs. Similarly, farms where two or more cattle were detected at the time of first detection and where cattle were held in a loose housing system were 2.8 (95% CI: 1.8, 4.5) and 2.0 (95% CI: 1.1, 3.6) times more likely to have additional detections than those where only one animal was detected and a tied-up housing system was used, respectively. These epidemiologic indicators are likely important determinants in the selection of farms requiring more intensive on-farm control measures. KEY WORDS: epidemiology, Johne's disease, logistic regression model, retrospective cohort study.J. Vet. Med. Sci. 69(12): 1255-1258 Johne's disease is a chronic intestinal disease of ruminants caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis which is found throughout the world [4,12]. It affects dairy industries by reducing milk yield and slaughter values, and increasing culling rates [1,3,8,10]. In the U.S.A., for example, annual economic losses due to Johne's disease have been estimated at US$200-250 million [17].Johne's disease is a notifiable disease in Japan, and by the mid-1990s, all cases were being reported to the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (MAFF). In addition to this passive surveillance, active surveillance is now also undertaken following an amendment of the Domestic Animal Infectious Disease Control Law in 1997. All targeted cattle designated by each prefecture undergo testing for Johne's disease at least once every five years. In 2004, these two surveillance methods together detected a total of 1,118 infected cattle and 608 farms, respectively [6].Because of the nature of the Johne's disease it is difficult to detect all infected cattle by single testing only. In particular, detection of subclinically infected cattle is not easily achieved by current diagnostic methods owing to their strong dependence on the timing and proper use of diagnostic tests, as well as life stage or physiological condition of the cattle, including age or stress associated with pregnancy or calving [16,20]. As a result, infected farms in Japan are placed under regulatory monitoring with more frequent testing for a certain period determined by the respective prefecture [13,14]. All c...

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“…According to the authors, this decrease is estimated in the literature at 5% to 25% of the yearly production [1,6,9,10]. The upper estimation was kept and the yearly cost of a sub-clinically infected animal in a dairy herd was computed as the corresponding amount of production lost by the price of a liter of milk.…”

Section: Estimation Of the Disease Costsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A cost/benefit study of paratuberculosis certification in French cattle herds

Dufour¹,

Pouillot²,

Durand

2004

Vet. Res.

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-Paratuberculosis has received increasing attention in France because of the important losses this disease may provoke. The use of certification schemes has proven its effectiveness for the protection of healthy herds against diseases transmitted mainly by trade. The economic justification of such schemes in the particular case of paratuberculosis is studied, for French cattle herds, using a cost/benefit approach. The basic economical hypotheses and estimates have been proposed and carefully examined by a working group composed of paratuberculosis experts and field specialists. By adopting the point of view of a breeder that buys animals, we first estimated the benefits resulting from the non-introduction of the disease. They were then compared with the costs resulting from the fact that the vendor reports its own certification costs on the price of the animals he sells. Two average herds (the mean French beef herd and the mean French dairy herd), and two certification levels were studied. The results show that, currently, the use of the certification is not very economically profitable in French cattle herds. This conclusion, however should be reappraised if the certification costs decrease, for example with the commercialization of diagnostic tests on mixtures. paratuberculosis / cost-benefit analysis / certification

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Economic losses due to paratuberculosis in dairy cattle

Cited by 169 publications

References 0 publications

Comparison of Milk and Serum Enzyme–Linked Immunosorbent Assays for Diagnosis ofMycobacterium AviumSubspeciesParatuberculosisInfection in Dairy Cattle

Comparison of Milk and Serum Enzyme–Linked Immunosorbent Assays for Diagnosis ofMycobacterium AviumSubspeciesParatuberculosisInfection in Dairy Cattle

Epidemiologic Indicators Associated with Within-farm Spread of Johne's Disease in Dairy Farms in Japan

A cost/benefit study of paratuberculosis certification in French cattle herds

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