Economic Liberalization via IMF Structural Adjustment: Sowing the Seeds of Civil War?

Hartzell, Caroline A.; Hoddie, Matthew; Bauer, Molly

doi:10.1017/s0020818310000068

Cited by 57 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…15 Existing studies suggest that programs can be highly disruptive. For example, Hartzell et al (2010) have found an association between the adoption of IMF programs and the onset of civil war.…”

Section: Variables the First Takes A Value Of One If The Rating Of Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Political Trust, Corruption, and Ratings of the IMF and the World Bank

Breen

Gillanders

2015

International Interactions

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There are only a handful of studies that examine public support for the IMF and World Bank. At the individual level, evaluations of the economy feature prominently in these studies. Utilizing data from the Afrobarometer study, we find that evaluations of the economy, ideology and a range of socio-demographic factors including age, gender, employment status, health, education, and living conditions are not significantly related to ratings of effectiveness. Rather, we find that political trust and corruption -two very important concepts in the wider literature on individual level attitudes toward international relations and foreign policy issues -are strongly associated with ratings of effectiveness.JEL Classification: F53, F5, F6, F60, P16

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Section: Variables the First Takes A Value Of One If The Rating Of Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Political Trust, Corruption, and Ratings of the IMF and the World Bank

Breen

Gillanders

2015

International Interactions

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“…These initiatives primarily include reduction in expenditure on social sector and development spending (Nooruddin and Simmons 2006). Some find that acceptance of IMF and World Bank programs are associated with a decline in government respect for human rights and even the onset of civil war because of the harmful neoliberal policies they push (Abouharb and Cingranelli 2007;Hartzell, Hoddie, and Bauer 2010). Others simply model the relationship between economic openness, often measured as trade and capital accounts openness, and conflict as a struggle between the winners and losers of global competition (Bussmann, Scheuthle, and Schneider 2005).…”

Section: The Skepticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Globalization and Political Violence, 1970–2008

Flaten

Soysa

2012

International Interactions

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“…2 It must be mentioned, that a growth focus under the premise of economic liberalization, as e.g. driven by the International Monetary Fund in recent decades, is suspected to have had notable adverse e ects, such as civil unrest (Hartzell et al, 2010) and higher income disparity (Ostry and Berg, 2011). 3 is points to the question of radicalism vs. incrementalism, particularly with respect to a policy level (see e.g.…”

Section: Big Challenges and Small Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

What’s in it for the Provider? : A Lifecycle-Focused Approach towards Designing for Value in Product-Service Systems

Matschewsky¹

2016

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As the value for customers of Product-Service Systems is increasingly understood, this thesis examines the question: What's in it for the Provider? Combining products and services into Product-Service Systems (PSS), which are o en owned and even operated by the company o ering them, is seen as an important element of conducting more sustainable business. e prospective environmental bene ts of PSS lie mainly in the improved resource-and operational e ciency. is is achieved by way of a critical shi in incentive structure: If an industrial company assumes responsibility for an o ering throughout the lifecycle, the terms on which that company operates in general are changed notably in comparison to traditional product sales. Instead of bene ting from a short lifetime through additional sales opportunities or making pro t through the sale of spare parts, in highly integrated PSS, each parts exchange, each technicians' visit and each day the lifetime of the o ering is reduced directly a ects the bottom line of the provider. Due to that, solely as a result of economic rationality, a provider of these o erings has an incentive to design in such a way that the life of this o ering is prolonged, need for spare parts is reduced, service activities are facilitated and simpli ed, and that the conditions are in place to allow for a second or third life of the o ering through remanufacturing. Regardless of this compelling logic, industrial companies at times fail to establish the preconditions to capturing these bene ts as they continue to rely on product and sales-centric design processes even though they provide PSS.is thesis examines this unexploited opportunity from two vantage points. On the one hand, methods conceived in academia to support industry in implementing and executing joint, lifecycle-focused design of products and services, and the use of these methods in practice, are examined. Here, the focus rstly lies on understanding how PSS are designed today, and secondly, on what should change about PSS design methods to improve their implementability and usability in industrial practice, so that they can ful ll their supposed role as facilitators of e cient PSS design and operation. On the other hand, the possible bene ts of providing speci cally designed and lifecycle-focused PSS as an industrial company are in focus. To this end, the value attained by providers throughout the use phase of PSS is investigated, to then identify possible approaches towards enhancing this value. Eventually, both focus-areas are joined in an e ort to examine the interaction between method-supported, lifecycle-oriented PSS design and the value attained by providers of such o erings.As a result of the research, a lacking adaptation of design processes to PSS is identi ed in the case companies. Further, shortcomings of PSS design methods conceived in academia, e.g. excessive complexity, lacking clarity and rigidity, are found in both literature as well as in a study with an industrial company. To take a rst step towards rectifying ...

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Economic Liberalization via IMF Structural Adjustment: Sowing the Seeds of Civil War?

Cited by 57 publications

References 46 publications

Political Trust, Corruption, and Ratings of the IMF and the World Bank

Political Trust, Corruption, and Ratings of the IMF and the World Bank

Globalization and Political Violence, 1970–2008

What’s in it for the Provider? : A Lifecycle-Focused Approach towards Designing for Value in Product-Service Systems

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