Economic impact of the avocado (cv. Hass) wilt disease complex in Antioquia, Colombia, crops under different technological management levels

Ramírez‐Gil, Joaquín Guillermo; Ramelli, Elizabeth Gilchrist; Osorio, Juan Gonzalo Morales

doi:10.1016/j.cropro.2017.07.023

Cited by 39 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…For the first work associated with AWC concept, seven causal agents were reported (Ramírez-Gil et al, 2014a), while for the second this number increased to 14 (Ramírez-Gil, 2018;Ramírez-Gil et al, 2017a). The causal agents involved were, P. cinnamomi, P. citricola, (Ramírez-Gil, 2018;Ramírez-Gil et al, 2017a;Ramírez-Gil et al, 2014a;Ramírez-Gil and Morales, 2013).…”

Section: Associated Causal Agents Of Avocado Wilt Complexmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…cinnamomi Rands is considered the most important (Ramírez-Gil, 2018;Ramírez-Gil et al, 2017a;Rodríguez et al, 2017;Calle, 2017;Ramírez-Gil et al, 2014a;Yabrudy, 2012;Rodríguez et al, 2009;Tamayo, 2007).…”

Section: Associated Causal Agents Of Avocado Wilt Complexmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The causal agents involved were, P. cinnamomi, P. citricola, (Ramírez-Gil, 2018;Ramírez-Gil et al, 2017a;Ramírez-Gil et al, 2014a;Ramírez-Gil and Morales, 2013).…”

Section: Associated Causal Agents Of Avocado Wilt Complexmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These induce similar or specific symptoms in aerial part of the plants. AWC disease can occur in all stages of development of their host (Ramírez-Gil et al, 2017a;Ramírez-Gil et al, 2014a). The main expression of AWC was characterized by foliar yellowing, tissue flaccidity, growth retardation, excessive flowering, and fructification of low quality in adult trees.…”

Section: Origin and Symptomatology Of Avocado Wilt Complexmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Its impact is such that Mora et al (2007) estimated that 5% of the surface area planted with avocado in Mexico was infected with this pathogen, and that it was present in all of the producer municipalities. To quantify the economic effects of AWC, Ramírez-Gil et al (2017a) proposed a new approach based on a study carried out for seven years covering all stages of development, under different production systems, and quantifying the losses in terms of mortality, reduction in production and management implications.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Avocado wilt complex disease, implications and management in Colombia

Ramírez‐Gil

2018

Rev. Fac. Nac. Agron. Medellín

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The avocado crop is widely grown in Colombia, especially the commercial variety called Hass. This accelerated cultivation of avocado has not been properly planned locally, but influenced by external recommendations, which in many cases are not applicable to the local conditions in Colombia. This situation has led to the failure of many avocado crops, which are faced with serious technological lags, inducing low sustainable levels. Amongst the most serious limitations is the avocado wilt complex (AWC). This term is used to describe a multi-complex diseases associated with different causal agents, which can be of biotic and abiotic origins, and can affect roots and stem of avocado plants in all stages of development, causing similar aerial symptoms. The objective of this study was to describe the AWC and its implications in Colombia, emphasizing essential aspects such as symptomology, causal agents, incidence, distribution, economic impact, associated problems, factors predisposing, management practices, technology of information, and future scenarios. The information described in this manuscript is part of multiple research developed in the field, greenhouse and laboratory by the author for more than 8 years, in addition to the literature reported in Colombia in the different topics described above. This study should serve as a fundamental basis for understanding the impact of AWC and give the basic information for a correct management technically and scientifically.El cultivo de aguacate en Colombia viene creciendo en los últimos, especialmente variedades comerciales como el Hass. La acelerada siembra de aguacate ha carecido de una planificación adecuada y se ha desarrollado bajo recomendaciones técnicas externas, las cuales en muchas circunstancias carecen de aplicabilidad para las condiciones del país. Esta situación ha conducido al fracaso de muchas explotaciones, donde existen fuertes rezagos tecnológicos que evitan que este sistema productivo sea sostenible. Dentro de los mayores limitantes se encuentra el complejo marchitez del aguacate (CMA), termino definido para múltiples patologías asociadas a distintos agentes causales, los cuales pueden ser de origen biótico o abiótico, que afectan el sistema de raíces y la base del tallo de plantas de aguacate en todos los estados de desarrollo, induciendo síntomas de expresión similares en la parte aérea. El objetivo de este trabajo fue realizar una descripción del CMA en Colombia, realizando énfasis en aspectos básicos como sintomatología, agentes causales implicados, incidencia, distribución, importancia económica, problemática asociada, factores determinantes, prácticas de manejo, uso de tecnologías de la información y escenarios futuros. La información que se describe hace parte de múltiples ensayos investigativos desarrollados en campo, invernadero y laboratorio por el autor por un periodo de tiempo de más de 8 años, además de la literatura reportada para Colombia en los distintos tópicos descritos anteriormente. Este trabajo se convierte en la base fundamenta...

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Section: Associated Causal Agents Of Avocado Wilt Complexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Associated Causal Agents Of Avocado Wilt Complexmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The causal agents involved were, P. cinnamomi, P. citricola, (Ramírez-Gil, 2018;Ramírez-Gil et al, 2017a;Ramírez-Gil et al, 2014a;Ramírez-Gil and Morales, 2013).…”

Section: Associated Causal Agents Of Avocado Wilt Complexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Origin and Symptomatology Of Avocado Wilt Complexmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Avocado wilt complex disease, implications and management in Colombia

Ramírez‐Gil

2018

Rev. Fac. Nac. Agron. Medellín

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Source of inoculum of pathogens, the origin of disorders and diseases management in avocado nurseries

Ramírez‐Gil

Osorio

2021

Australasian Plant Pathol.

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Spatial Analysis of Presence, Injury, and Economic Impact of the Melolonthidae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea) Complex in Avocado Crops

Arias

Osorio

et al. 2019

Neotrop Entomol

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Beetle insect species classified within the Melolonthidae complex (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea) are a serious pest in several crops around the world including avocado (Persea americana Mill). The present work focused on determining the spatial behavior of the Melolonthidae complex of beetles and determined the economic impact in avocado crops in Antioquia, Colombia, South America. Beetle presence and damage produced in both foliage and fruits were quantified during 3 years for each avocado tree tested in two planted lots located in different places. The indexes of Cambardella, Morisita, and economic losses were calculated with data obtained. Our results strongly suggest that beetles present an isotropic movement in the lots with the damage beginning by the borders. Once insects enter the lots, they move in any direction inside the crop area with weak or moderate spatial dependence and low or null aggregation. Strong preference for fruits rather than foliage was observed. Economic analysis indicates that damage in fruit skin causes major losses. From observed results, it is proposed that integrated pest control should be directed mainly to fruits from the very early stages of growth and development and traps should be localized strategically and following the spatial and temporal distribution of insects for both prevention and control.

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Economic impact of the avocado (cv. Hass) wilt disease complex in Antioquia, Colombia, crops under different technological management levels

Cited by 39 publications

References 14 publications

Avocado wilt complex disease, implications and management in Colombia

Avocado wilt complex disease, implications and management in Colombia

Source of inoculum of pathogens, the origin of disorders and diseases management in avocado nurseries

Spatial Analysis of Presence, Injury, and Economic Impact of the Melolonthidae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea) Complex in Avocado Crops

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