Economic Impact of Hessian Fly (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) on Spring Wheat in Oregon and Additive Yield Losses with Fusarium Crown Rot and Lesion Nematode

Abstract

Damage caused by Hessian fly, Mayetiola destructor (Say), was quantified in spring wheat, Triticum aestivum L., trials near Pendleton and Moro, OR, during 2001 and 2002. Five field experiments were established to examine genetic resistance to Fusarium crown rot, Fusarium pseudograminearum (O'Donnell & Aoki), and economic damage by lesion nematode, Pratylenchus neglectus (Rensch, 1924) (Filipjev Schuurmanns & Stekhoven, 1941) and Pratylenchus thornei (Sher & Allen, 1941). Hessian fly became the dominant factor affecting grain yield in four experiments. Genotypes carrying the H3-resistance gene had grain yields 66 and 68% higher than susceptible genotypes in cultivar trials during 2001 and 2002, respectively. Yield reductions were detected when Hessian fly infestation rates exceeded 50% plants during 2001 and 15% plants (8% tillers) during 2002. In two trials during 2001, in-furrow application of aldicarb (Temik) at planting improved yields of four Hessian fly-susceptible cultivars by 72 and 144% (up to 1,959 kg/ha) and yields of one Hessian fly-resistant cultivar by 2 and 3%. Resistant cultivars and aldicarb improved grain quality as much as two market grades during 2001. The value of increased grain production with Hessian fly-resistant cultivars in four field experiments ranged from dollar 112 to dollar 252/ha, excluding price incentives for improved market quality. Yield reduction due to combined damage from Hessian fly and either Fusarium crown rot or lesion nematode was additive. This report seems to be the first quantitative yield loss estimate for Hessian fly in spring wheat in the semiarid environment of the inland Pacific Northwest.

Genetic Mapping of Quantitative Trait Loci Associated with Important Agronomic Traits in the Spring Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Cross ‘Louise’ × ‘Penawawa’

“…QYld.wak-1A also identifi ed at the Moscow, 2008, location mapped to chromosome 1A and coincided with the location of a putative QTL for Hessian fl y resistance (data not shown). The population is segregating for Hessian fl y resistance at this allele and, although Hessian fl y infection was not recorded in this experiment, a cool, wet spring resulted in an 11 d delay in spring planting, which created an ideal environment for infection (Smiley et al, 2004). Recombinant inbred lines containing Hessian fl y resistance had an average grain yield advantage of 336 kg ha −1 at this location.…”

Changes in properties of wheat leaf cuticle during interactions with Hessian fly

“…durum) wheats. Within the USA it is known to cause extensive annual crop loss (Ratcliffe and Hatchett, 1997;Smiley et al, 2004). During seedling infestation, adult female flies lay eggs on the leaf blade.…”

H33: A Wheat Gene Providing Hessian Fly Resistance for the Southeastern United States

“…Surprisingly, some of the genes that have never been released in cultivars, such as H31 and H32, provided only partial resistance to fly populations collected in Alabama, Georgia, North and South Carolina, and Louisiana. Moderate levels of infestation on susceptible wheat were estimated to decrease grain yield by 66 to 68% and reduce test weight by two market grades compared with wheat varieties containing an effective resistance gene (Smiley et al, 2004). Thus new sources of resistance coupled with linked markers for rapid introgression, through marker-assisted selection, are essential for protecting the wheat crop.…”