Economic growth, convergence and agricultural economics

Abstract

The International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), established in 1975, provides research-based policy solutions to sustainably reduce poverty and end hunger and malnutrition. IFPRI's strategic research aims to foster a climate-resilient and sustainable food supply; promote healthy diets and nutrition for all; build inclusive and efficient markets, trade systems, and food industries; transform agricultural and rural economies; and strengthen institutions and governance. Gender is integrated in all the Institute's work. Partnerships, communications, capacity strengthening, and data and knowledge management are essential components to translate IFPRI's research from action to impact. The Institute's regional and country programs play a critical role in responding to demand for food policy research and in delivering holistic support for country-led development. IFPRI collaborates with partners around the world.

Implication of TNCS In Agri-Food Sector – Challenges, Constraints and Limits - Profit or CSR?

“…The lack of water and fertile land in some countries thus generates not only the intensification of trade in agri-food products (from countries that have a much better endowment with natural factors) and the emergence of virtual water trade and virtual land trade (Qiang et al, 2013, Da Silva et al 2016, but also the reconfiguration of foreign capital flows. Numerous researches in the field (Chaudhuri and Banerjee, 2010;Slimane et al, 2016;Santangelo, 2018;Martin, 2019) remarks the negative effects that companies with foreign capital could generate on developing or transition countries in which they make investment. Adherents of the dependency theory emphasize the potential destructive effects that foreign investors could cause on host countries, fueled by bureaucracy, corruption and the weak involvement of public authorities in promoting the national interest.…”

Reforming Agricultural Support for Improved Environmental Outcomes

“…After rising continuously between the 1950s and the late 1980s-except for a sharp decline during the 1973-4 commodity boomborder support in the industrial countries fell sharply from the early 1990s. In the developing countries, the limits on agricultural support were much weaker relative to prior levels of support, and the sharp upturn in economic growth rates of developing countries beginning in the early 1990s contributed to an increase in border protection from the consistently negative rates prior to the 1990s to, on average, slightly positive assistance since that time (Martin, 2018).…”

“…One important thing to keep in mind, however, is that the greenhouse gas emission intensities of production tend to decline strongly in response to agricultural productivity growth (Gerber et al, 2011). Because agricultural productivity growth is an important driver of overall economic growth and poverty reduction, and appears to have been more rapid in developing than developed countries in recent years (Martin, 2018), productivity growth may be an important offsetting factor to an otherwise inexorable increase in agricultural emissions. Because the emissions coefficients in the FAOSTAT emissions database reflect the impact of productivity growth on emissions intensities, it is possible to examine the changes in emission intensity of production in OECD and non-OECD countries since the early 1990s.…”

Structural transformation away from agriculture in growing open economies

“…Thirty‐five years ago, an article in this journal sought to explain agriculture's relative decline in the course of economic growth (Anderson, 1987). The world economy has changed dramatically since then, with developing countries industrializing and converging on the living standards of high‐income countries as their population growth slows (Martin, 2019), and with globalization and retreats from protectionism being manifest in rapid rises in the shares of production being traded internationally. But structural transformation is still widely considered central to economic growth and development (Barrett et al., 2017).…”