“…Although numerous studies have investigated the relationship between energy and economic growth both at the aggregated and sectoral levels (Mielnik and Goldemberg, ; Ziramba, ; Kebede et al ., ; Bildirici et al ., ; Ben Amar, ; Bildirici and Bakirtas, ; Ilesanmi and Tewari, ) as well as between economic growth and aggregate capital investment (Oh and Lee, ; Perkins et al ., ; Adebola, ; Gill et al ., ; Yildirim and Aslan, ), little attention has given to the role of human capital as it is seldom discussed in most literature although it has been recognized as a vital contributor to economic growth for a long time (Fang and Chang, ). Also, none have studied the distinction between economic and social investment and their impact on economic growth as well as energy consumption.…”