Economic evaluation of pharmacy services: a systematic review of the literature (2016–2020)

Phimarn, Wiraphol; Saramunee, Kritsanee; Leelathanalerk, Areerut; Srimongkon, Pornchanok; Chanasopon, Suratchada; Phumart, Panumart; Paktipat, Pawich; Babar, Zaheer‐Ud‐Din

doi:10.1007/s11096-023-01590-0

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 54 publications

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“…Risk of bias was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) (Supplementary material 3) [17]. All studies were evaluated by RJ and 20% (10 papers) was independently evaluated by RL [18]. Studies were not excluded based on the MMAT results because the focus of the review was on the nature of the interventions rather than their effectiveness.…”

Section: Risk Of Bias and Quality Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

How cultural competence is conceptualised, developed and delivered in pharmacy education: a systematic review

Jarrar,

Lim,

Richardson

et al. 2023

Int J Clin Pharm

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Background It is important to have a pharmacy workforce that is culturally competent to recognise a patient’s health beliefs to improve medication adherence and reduce poor treatment outcomes. Aim This systematic review aimed to identify, critically appraise and summarise how cultural competency is conceptualised, developed and embedded in pre-qualification pharmacy education. Method Medline, Scopus, PsychInfo, Web of Knowledge, CINAHL, and Embase databases were searched for relevant papers published in English between January 2012 and December 2021, following PRISMA guidelines. Data from included papers were thematically analysed. Educational quality of papers was appraised using the GREET criteria. This systematic review was registered on PROSPERO, CRD42021295875. Results The review included 47 papers (46 studies) with 18 papers meeting ≥ 9 points on the GREET criteria thus considered of good educational quality. Forty papers focused on educational interventions implemented to pharmacy students only, the remaining included students from different health disciplines. Half of the educational interventions focused on cultural competence in general. Most educational interventions lasted over a week and 21 were compulsory. Cultural competence conceptualisation varied; a focus on knowledge about different cultures or on culturally competent behaviours or a continuum with knowledge at one end and behaviour at the other. Conclusion There is variation in how cultural competence is embedded in pharmacy programmes, which could be a reflection of the differences in how educators conceptualised cultural competence. Further research is needed to develop a unified understanding of the meaning of cultural competence and how it can be embedded in pharmacy education.

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Section: Risk Of Bias and Quality Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

How cultural competence is conceptualised, developed and delivered in pharmacy education: a systematic review

Jarrar,

Lim,

Richardson

et al. 2023

Int J Clin Pharm

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Effectiveness Evaluation of a Graded Pharmaceutical Care Model in Women with Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy: A Before‐After Study

Guo,

Zhang,

Shen

et al. 2024

Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics

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Objective. Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) significantly impacts the maternal and fetal safety. Research on the role of clinical pharmacists in guiding drug therapy for this condition remains limited. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of graded pharmaceutical care for women with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy and to provide a theoretical foundation for clinical pharmacist services. Study Design. This study comprises a pre‐and‐post analysis of women with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) treated between December 2019 and June 2023 at a tertiary hospital in Jiangsu province. Each group consisted of 102 participants. The control group received standard treatment, while the guardianship group received graded pharmacological care provided by a clinical pharmacist. The effectiveness of pharmacological monitoring by clinical pharmacists was assessed by comparing and analyzing clinical outcome indicators, quality management indicators, safety indicators, and economic factors. Results. The guardianship group exhibited a noteworthy 12.8% reduction in combined adverse pregnancy outcome and more effective management of total prenatal bile acids compared to the control group (16.05 µmol/L vs. 22.85 µmol/L, P < 0.05). The guardianship group displayed superior rationalization of therapeutic drugs and medication duration (P < 0.05). The cost‐benefit analysis revealed a favorable economic impact concerning medication costs but did not indicate economic significance regarding total inpatient costs. Conclusion. The implementation of a graded pharmaceutical care model by a clinical pharmacist holds the potential to enhance outcomes for women experiencing intrahepatic cholestasis during pregnancy, mitigate adverse pregnancy results, optimize the rational utilization of therapeutic medications, and yield positive economic results.

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Economic evaluation of pharmacy services: a systematic review of the literature (2016–2020)

Cited by 2 publications

References 54 publications

How cultural competence is conceptualised, developed and delivered in pharmacy education: a systematic review

How cultural competence is conceptualised, developed and delivered in pharmacy education: a systematic review

Effectiveness Evaluation of a Graded Pharmaceutical Care Model in Women with Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy: A Before‐After Study

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