Managing land for trade-off between crop production (CP) and carbon storage (CS) is important for facing the increased need of food and of creating carbon sinks. We studied land-use-based strategies for softening such trade-off, with a particular attention to the role of intensification. We calibrated a statistical model linking land cover, land use, climatic and biophysical variables to CP and CS in France at the resolution of 10 km x 10 km.We developed four optimization scenarios: maximization at the French scale of CS (scenario 1), of CP (2), joint maximization of CS and CP without (3) and with (4) minimization of total energy input. Results of the monoobjective scenarios ((1) and ( 2)) enhanced one ecosystem services while decreasing the other; in scenario (3) both ecosystem services could be increased at the same time (+2.1% for CS and +9.6% for CP) with a land sharing approach (decrease and intensification of annual crops with an increase of forest); in scenario (4) the minimization of energy input caused a lower increase in both ecosystem services (only +1% for CS and +1.5% for CP), however the joint increase could be obtained with an expansion of heterogeneous agricultural land (land sharing approach). Comparing optimization scenarios with different number of objectives made it possible to discuss the role of each objectives. The result of scenario (4) was the most realistic and highlighted the importance of heterogeneous agricultural land (e.g., mixed-crop agriculture, agroforestry, associations between permanent and annual crops) and practices for enhancing soil carbon storage.