Economic efficiency of oil crops cultivation in the Omsk region

Abstract

We observed the production of oil crops in the Omsk region in 2016–2020. There are presented data on dynamics of sowing areas under oil crops (sunflower, soybean, oil flax, spring rapeseed, false flax, etc.). Production of oil crops is economically profitable due to sharp rise in sale prices of seeds and decrease in prime cost as a result of lowering of expenses for production. A level of profitability during a research period varied hard depending on expenses for chemicals. The most economically resulting was 2020, yields of oil flax and spring rapeseed was the highest. We studied impact of climatic conditions on yield of oil crops, namely precipitation amount in a period flowering–maturing. Increased interest to oil flax, rapeseed and soybean is conditioned with high economic efficiency of production, good adaptability to the climate of the Western Siberia, high yield and oil content, creating of favorable background for the further crops in rotation. Growth of oil crops production in the Omsk region can be reached both by intensive and extensive components of production. Intensive direction is realized by a range of factors including formation of varietal structure of crops, implementation of an intensive technology including all elements of oil crops cultivation. An extensive way proposes expansion of sowing areas involving fallow lands into sowing structure and northward expansion of early maturing crops cultivation, such as spring turnip rape, false flax and mustard.

The timing of oilseed flax sowing in the steppe zone of Western Siberia

“…Research on the technology of oil flax cultivation is carried out in different regions of the Russian Federation -in the Krasnoyarsk Kray [3,4], in the Stavropol Kray [5], the Volgograd Oblast [6], in the Middle Urals [7], in the Southern Trans-Urals [8], in the Northern Trans-Urals [9], in the Omsk Oblast [10]. Here are presented data for the southern forest steppe [11]. When cultivating oilseed flax in Siberia, the optimal sowing time is at the end of the second decade of May, when early spring weeds emerge [12].…”