Economic development and residential water consumption in Chile

Fercovic, Juan; Foster, William; Melo, Óscar

doi:10.1017/s1355770x18000463

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(44 reference statements)

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“…In their survey, household size was negatively correlated with per capita water use. Fercovic et al (2019) similarly found that while total domestic water consumption increased per household as household size increased, the per capita water use decreased, consistent with a household economy of scale. Keshavarzi et al (2006) also found that the age of the head of household was positively correlated with per capita water use, households with younger families used less water per capita.…”

Section: Size Of Householdmentioning

confidence: 62%

Analyzing the Residential Water Consumption Patterns of the City of Toronto and the Relationship With Demographic Variables

Sultana

2024

Preprint

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The aim of the thesis was to understand residential water usage in Toronto from 2001 to 2016 and to explore demographic and economic variables that might have affected use. Data were aggregated at the ward level and analyzed by multiple regression. The model explains that wards with high average household income use more water per capita. Water exhibited price elasticity, per capita water use decreased as price increased, but more so in low income wards than high income wards. Average household size had a positive effect on per capita water use; larger households use more water, not only in total, but per capita. Annual rainfall had a negative effect on per capita water use, perhaps due to decreased water demand for lawns and gardens. Interestingly, the percent immigrant had a negative effect on water use which suggests a stronger ethos of water conservation among newer Canadians.

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Section: Size Of Householdmentioning

confidence: 62%

Analyzing the Residential Water Consumption Patterns of the City of Toronto and the Relationship With Demographic Variables

Sultana

2024

Preprint

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“…On the other hand, 15 countries in LAC present more than 20,000 m 3 per inhabitant per year of total renewable water resources [7]. Various factors, such as the level of development of the countries, the level of industrialization, urbanization, or poverty, influence water consumption and the uses that it is given [40,41]. Figure 1 shows the proportion of water destined for different uses (agricultural, industrial, and municipal) in the different regions of the world.…”

Section: Water Resources In the Worldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Context in Latin America and the Caribbean: Distribution, Regulations and Prospects for Water Reuse and Reclamation

Rodríguez

Garcı́a

Pinto

et al. 2022

Water

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Water scarcity is a problem of global relevance that is affecting more and more people in the world. Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) have around 35% of the world’s renewable water resources. However, the management of water resources and inequality in access to water has made water scarcity a problem of growing interest in the region. The reuse of water could be an efficient measure to reduce the demand for water resources in the area. In particular, the reuse of greywater is a simple and decentralized method of water reuse, which would mitigate the impact of the lack of water in isolated or difficult-to-access areas. Using the Aquastat database, water consumption in the world and water availability in LAC were studied. In addition, the regulatory framework for water in LAC countries was studied, with an emphasis on water reuse and greywater legislation. Agriculture is one of the most demanding of water in the world, particularly, in LAC, which demands around 70% of renewable water resources. Furthermore, in LAC, the availability of drinking water in rural areas is lacking, with seven countries having less than 80% access to healthy drinking water. The water regulation in LAC is quite heterogeneous. The most general regulation around water is found in the political constitutions of each country. Some constitutions explicitly indicate access to water as a human right, while other constitutions do not include information in this regard. Although some countries have specific regulations on the reuse of wastewater, there is a general lack of regulations related to the reuse of greywater. In most cases, the term “greywater” is not even defined in the general water and wastewater laws. As of the date of this article, only Chile, Peru, and Brazil have bills to regulate the reuse of greywater, of which only the Chilean is approved. The reuse of greywater could help reduce water demand for non-drinking uses. However, the implementation of greywater treatment systems represents a cost that is difficult to cover, especially in the poorest countries of the region. Countries must improve their public policies to improve the management, use and reuse of water to mitigate water scarcity that severely affects human consumption in the region. The relevance of this study lies in providing a general framework of the water situation in LAC for studies and public policies focused on promoting water reuse as a measure to mitigate water scarcity.

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“…At the same time, per capita income is a major factor that affects water consumption. Studies have also shown that water consumption is strongly related to the level of economic development (Fercovic et al, 2019). Sauri (2019) has studied the driving factors of the significant decline in water consumption in some major Spanish cities between 2003 and 2016.…”

Section: Literature Review and Research Gapmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water consumption patterns of 110 cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt in 2015

Sun

2022

Front. Earth Sci.

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How to formulate scientific and effective water-saving policies is of great significance for the sustainable water consumption. As a country with the largest water consumption in the world, China has been committed to formulating scientific and effective water-saving policies. However, due to geospatial variations of water consumption in different regions, how to formulate targeted and efficient water-saving policies which suit for different local characteristics has always been a key issue to be solved. In a quest to understand the water consumption patterns, this study first adopted a dual evaluation index system combining Gini coefficient and Global Moran’s Index to classify different types of water consumption. Taking 110 cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt as research objects, the water consumption of 110 cities was divided into nine types. According to each type, a targeted water-saving policy is given. This study provides important theoretical support for the efficient management of water resources in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, and provides reference for water resources management in other regions at the same time.

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Economic development and residential water consumption in Chile

Cited by 11 publications

References 39 publications

Analyzing the Residential Water Consumption Patterns of the City of Toronto and the Relationship With Demographic Variables

Analyzing the Residential Water Consumption Patterns of the City of Toronto and the Relationship With Demographic Variables

Water Context in Latin America and the Caribbean: Distribution, Regulations and Prospects for Water Reuse and Reclamation

Water consumption patterns of 110 cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt in 2015

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