Economic costs of drought and rice farmers’ coping mechanisms

Pandey, Sushil

doi:10.3860/irrn.v32i1.1078

Cited by 109 publications

(143 citation statements)

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“…Nearly 23 Mha of land in Asia (Pandey and Bhandari 2007) and 13.6 Mha in eastern India (Pandey and Bhandari 2009) is estimated to be drought-prone under rainfed conditions. Drought can occur at any stage during the rice-growing season, due to inadequate irrigation, uneven distribution of rainfall, variation in rainfall patterns from one year to another or inadequate rainfall in large areas (Zhang 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drought-tolerance QTLs commonly detected in two sets of reciprocal introgression lines in rice

et al. 2014

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Abstract. Drought is one of the major abiotic stresses limiting rice (Oryza sativa L.) production. Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for drought tolerance (DT) at the reproductive stage were identified with two sets of reciprocal introgression lines derived from Lemont Â Teqing. In total, 29 and 23 QTLs were identified in the Teqing and Lemont backgrounds, respectively, during the reproductive stage under drought and irrigated conditions for spikelet number per panicle, seed fertility, filled grain weight per panicle, plant height, and grain yield per plant. Most of these QTLs showed obvious differential expressions in response to drought stress. Another 21 QTLs were detected by the ratio of trait values under drought stress relative to the normal irrigation conditions in the two backgrounds. For 28 DT QTLs, the Teqing alleles at 23 loci had increased trait values and could improve DT under drought stress. Only five (17.9%) DT QTLs (QSnp1b, QSnp3a, QSnp11, QSf8, and QGyp2a) were consistently detected in the two backgrounds, clearly suggesting overwhelming genetic background effects on QTL detection for DT. Seven of the DT QTL regions identified were found to share the same genomic regions with previously reported DT-related genes. Introgressing or pyramiding of favourable alleles from Teqing at the validated QTLs (QSnp3a, QSnp11 and QGyp2a) into Lemont background may improve DT level of Lemont.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drought-tolerance QTLs commonly detected in two sets of reciprocal introgression lines in rice

et al. 2014

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“…Of them, salinity and drought are among major problems to reduce rice yield and quality. Drought stress is the most important constraint to rice production, affecting 10 million ha of upland rice and over 13 million ha of rainfed lowland rice in Asia alone (Pandey et al 2007). The increasing threat of salinity has become an essential concern linked to the consequences of climate change.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Allelopathic momilactones A and B are implied in rice drought and salinity tolerance, not weed resistance

Xuan

Minh

Anh

et al. 2016

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

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Momilactones A and B are allopathic phytoalexins that are involved in weed resistance of rice. There is little knowledge on the roles of momilactones A and B on drought and salinity tolerance. Here we analyzed the contents of momilactones A and B in 30 rice cultivars of various origins including hybrid, foreign, sticky, local, upland sticky, and upland rice of the two subtypes Indica and Japonica. Momilactone contents were compared with salinity tolerance, drought tolerance, weed resistance, total flavonoids, total phenols, and antioxidant capacity. Results show that, contrary to the current knowledge, momilactones A and B have very low correlation with weed resistance, with r coefficients of 0.001 and 0.09, respectively. Correlation was higher with drought tolerance, of 0.65 for momilactones A and 0.27 for momilactones B. Overall we conclude that the development of bioactive reagents derived from momilactones A and B is more potent to reduce salinity and drought stresses than weed tolerance in rice.

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“…Such comparative analysis should target key morphological, physiological, anatomical, and agronomic traits throughout the crop growth cycle, as water deficit stress occurs at both early (vegetative stage) and late (reproductive stage) seasons in rice (Pandey et al, 2007). Extensive research efforts are currently ongoing to reduce the impact of water deficit stress during the reproductive stage in rice (Venuprasad et al, 2008;Verulkar et al, 2010;Vikram et al, 2011;Kumar et al, 2014) and in wheat (Olivares-Villegas et al, 2007;Lopes and Reynolds, 2010;Pinto et al, 2010).…”

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confidence: 99%

Does Morphological and Anatomical Plasticity during the Vegetative Stage Make Wheat More Tolerant of Water Deficit Stress Than Rice?

et al. 2015

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District of Columbia 20005 (P.S.B.)Water scarcity and the increasing severity of water deficit stress are major challenges to sustaining irrigated rice (Oryza sativa) production. Despite the technologies developed to reduce the water requirement, rice growth is seriously constrained under water deficit stress compared with other dryland cereals such as wheat (Triticum aestivum). We exposed rice cultivars with contrasting responses to water deficit stress and wheat cultivars well adapted to water-limited conditions to the same moisture stress during vegetative growth to unravel the whole-plant (shoot and root morphology) and organ/tissue (root anatomy) responses. Wheat cultivars followed a water-conserving strategy by reducing specific leaf area and developing thicker roots and moderate tillering. In contrast, rice 'IR64' and 'Apo' adopted a rapid water acquisition strategy through thinner roots under water deficit stress. Root diameter, stele and xylem diameter, and xylem number were more responsive and varied with different positions along the nodal root under water deficit stress in wheat, whereas they were relatively conserved in rice cultivars. Increased metaxylem diameter and lower metaxylem number near the root tips and exactly the opposite phenomena at the rootshoot junction facilitated the efficient use of available soil moisture in wheat. Tolerant rice 'Nagina 22' had an advantage in root morphological and anatomical attributes over cultivars IR64 and Apo but lacked plasticity, unlike wheat cultivars exposed to water deficit stress. The key traits determining the adaptation of wheat to dryland conditions have been summarized and discussed.Among cereals, rice (Oryza sativa) and wheat (Triticum aestivum) are the most important staple food crops, and they belong to the family Poaceae. These two cereals share a common ancestor and diverged about 65 million years ago (Sorrells et al., 2003). Rice eventually developed strong adaptation potential for fully flooded conditions across tropical to temperate environments, while wheat became well adapted to aerobic conditions mostly restricted to temperate environments. Rice, with a semiaquatic behavior, consumes about 30% of the total fresh water available for agricultural crops worldwide, which equates to a 2-to 3-fold higher consumption than other cereals such as wheat and maize (Zea mays; Peng et al., 2006). Despite a significantly lower water requirement, the potential yield of wheat in a favorable environment (9 tons ha 21 ) is comparable with the yield of fully flooded rice (9 tons ha 21 ) in the dry season at the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI; Fischer and Edmeades, 2010). Hence, rice records very low water productivity compared with wheat and other dryland cereals. Because of growing concerns about water scarcity and the increased frequency and magnitude of water deficit stress events under current and future climates, increasing or even sustaining rice yield under fully flooded conditions is highly challenging. To minimize the total water requ...

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Economic costs of drought and rice farmers’ coping mechanisms

Abstract: This is an overview of the book Economic costs of drought and rice farmers' coping mechanisms edited by S. Pandey, H. Bhandari, and B. Hardy. See back cover for details.

Cited by 109 publications

References 15 publications

Drought-tolerance QTLs commonly detected in two sets of reciprocal introgression lines in rice

Drought-tolerance QTLs commonly detected in two sets of reciprocal introgression lines in rice

Allelopathic momilactones A and B are implied in rice drought and salinity tolerance, not weed resistance

Does Morphological and Anatomical Plasticity during the Vegetative Stage Make Wheat More Tolerant of Water Deficit Stress Than Rice?

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