Economic Behavior in the Face of Resource Variability and Uncertainty

McAllister, Ryan R. J.; Tisdell, John; Reeson, Andrew; Gordon, Iain J.

doi:10.5751/es-04075-160306

Cited by 18 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(37 reference statements)

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“…While some recent studies demonstrated that resource scarcity or unpredictability (e.g. in relation to climate change) can enhance conflicts and violence among humans (Le Billon 2001;Hsiang et al 2013), other, less prominent studies point out that resource variability can also promote cooperation (Bogale and Korf 2007;McAllister et al 2011). An interesting example on the emergence of cooperation examined local versus large-scale social conflicts originating from heterogeneity in wealth and resources (Abou Chakra and Traulsen 2014).…”

Section: A Driver Of Cooperationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards a different attitude to uncertainty

Pe’er¹,

Mihoub²,

Dislich³

et al. 2014

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The ecological literature deals with uncertainty primarily from the perspective of how to reduce it to acceptable levels. However, the current rapid and ubiquitous environmental changes, as well as anticipated rates of change, pose novel conditions and complex dynamics due to which many sources of uncertainty are difficult or even impossible to reduce. These include both uncertainty in knowledge (epistemic uncertainty) and societal responses to it. Under these conditions, an increasing number of studies ask how one can deal with uncertainty as it is. Here, we explore the question how to adopt an overall alternative attitude to uncertainty, which accepts or even embraces it. First, we show that seeking to reduce uncertainty may be counterproductive under some circumstances. It may yield overconfidence, ignoring early warning signs, policy-and societal stagnation, or irresponsible behaviour if personal certainty is offered by externalization of environmental costs. We then demonstrate that uncertainty can have positive impacts by driving improvements in knowledge, promoting cautious action, contributing to keeping societies flexible and adaptable, enhancing awareness, support and involvement of the public in nature conservation, and enhancing cooperation and communication. We discuss the risks of employing a certainty paradigm on uncertain knowledge, the potential benefits of adopting an alternative attitude to uncertainty, and the need to implement such an attitude across scales -from adaptive management at the local scale, to the evolving Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) at the global level.

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Section: A Driver Of Cooperationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards a different attitude to uncertainty

Pe’er¹,

Mihoub²,

Dislich³

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In other words, 0.41 United States dollar must be consumed when 1 United States dollar was produced under perfect competition. It was thus clear that the parameter was a measure for the prospect of capital economic analysis and of venture forecasting [20][21][22][23].…”

Section: Resource Efficiency For Utilization In a Spraying Reactormentioning

confidence: 99%

Experiment and Evaluation of Natural Gas Hydration in a Spraying Reactor

Wu¹

2017

Advances in Natural Gas Emerging Technologies

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Abstract1L spraying reactor with a heat exchanger outside was used to investigate the effect of spraying hydration process on storage capacity of methane in hydrate and on a methane storage rate in hydrate to solve a problem of lower gas molecular transfer rate and worse heat transfer rate. Some results showed that ethanol as a promoter had better spraying hydration rate under the liquid spraying pressure 4-5 MPa, 0.46V g V H -1 min -1 , which had been approximately 10 times when conventional additive, sodium dodecyl sulfate, was added to reaction system. Others showed that the spraying hydration reactor in advantage had lain in achieving higher hydration rate at lower operational pressure of gas phase compared with semi-continuous stirred tank reactor. Furthermore, evaluation investigation on spraying hydration reaction showed that energy consumption had been 0.41kJ, while methane hydrates containing 1kJ heat were produced, and that the capital efficiency in economy for the hydration process had been 0.41 under perfect competition. Finally, the process evaluation parameter used had become a measure instrument for the prospect of resource utilization efficiency or for venture forecasting of capital investment.

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“…Finally, certain concepts from having only a single developed technology are referenced to optimize the coal resource allocation. Suppose that the utilization options only include the above four routes for the coal under perfect competition conditions [30]. In this situation, the best utilization of resources needs to be determined.…”

Section: A Number Of Options For Developed Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on Process Economics of Natural Resource Utilization

Wu¹

2016

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Finite supply of non-regenerative resources triggers a competition between economic entities or between areas, which requires the ways regarding their utilization with higher levels in science and the standards regarding their use with higher efficiency in economics. To solve a problem of process evaluation in science and of driving force in economics during a process design or a process run for natural resources utilization, a process evaluation parameter originated from natural gas hydrate preparation from a small scale to industrialization scale and the equation of the criterion dependent are introduced to evaluate a variety of processes of natural resources utilization. The analyses indicate that the parameter is relevant to internal undeveloped resources amount change with a stable mass composition in a virtual black box model and external variable market with an implication of process efficiency in economy or of process efficiency of resource utilization and that the parameter has similar features of the thermodynamic state functions. Moreover, the equation of the criterion provided is a difference between the value of the process evaluation parameter at the final state and the value of the process evaluation parameter at the initial state in an actual process, which can be used to determine the direction of development and to judge the size of the driving force in an actual process or an economical run. The provided examples and correlative mathematical description can guide how an identification for the undeveloped resources and a real-time adjustment of dynamic production for the developing resource are done and how decisions regarding resource exploitation, the venture forecasting of capital utilization and updating technology are made. The parameter used itself and the equation of the derived criterion can help by playing a predictive role for selecting the optimal use processes and for designing new process of the natural resource utilization or capital use, and by playing a practical role for adjusting factual production status and for improving the actual process of the utilization of resource or capital in an economic society. Finally, those closed resource systems having accumulation or depletion of the resources or a variable mass such as a decomposition system, a fission system and a biological reproduction system will become possible future research objectives under the guide of this work.

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Economic Behavior in the Face of Resource Variability and Uncertainty

Cited by 18 publications

References 35 publications

Towards a different attitude to uncertainty

Towards a different attitude to uncertainty

Experiment and Evaluation of Natural Gas Hydration in a Spraying Reactor

Study on Process Economics of Natural Resource Utilization

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