Economic Aspects of Projecting Requirements for Health Manpower: A Review Article

Klarman, Herbert E.

doi:10.2307/144680

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…In fact, differences in productivity, type of activities manpower perform and population dissimilarities are neither reflected [19] . Explaining health sector functions and ways of increasing manpower productivity are features that are mostly ignored in this approach [17,25,26,36] . Disability to demonstrate distributional imbalances and taking little account to age distribution of the population, the epidemiological features and socio economic conditions are other weakness points [19,26,31] .…”

Section: Weak Sidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Manpower Forecasting: A systematic Review for Models and Approaches

Rafiei

Abdollahzade

Hashemi

2019

Bangladesh J Med Sci

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Background: An appropriate planning requires forecasting the demand and supply of health manpower in an accurate manner. Objectives: The paper objective was to review health manpower forecasting approaches and methods and propose the improvement features for effectiveness of health manpower planning. Data sources: A systematic review was conducted for studies published in English from 1970-2014 using Pub Med, Science Direct, Pro Quest, and Google Scholar databases. Study eligibility criteria: Review articles, qualitative studies, questionnaire driven surveys, retrospective and prospective studies describing or applying various types of forecasting approaches and methods in health manpower forecasting were included in the review. Data collection and study appraisal: Two reviewers (SR and MA) independently appraised the studies to identify relevant ones to be included in the review. Results: A total of 128 studies were included in the review. As a result, two main categories of approaches (conceptual and analytical) for health manpower forecasting were identified with their strengths and weaknesses. Conclusions: Future forecasting methods should benefit from advantages of current approaches and overcome some of their main limitations. Applying a method which incorporates a wide range of factors affecting supply and demand, facilitates the collection of good quality data, monitors changing trends over time, considers the uncertainty of health systems and has a dynamic approach is proposed as an improvement roadmap for future forecasting. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.18(3) 2019 p.458-472

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Section: Weak Sidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Manpower Forecasting: A systematic Review for Models and Approaches

Rafiei

Abdollahzade

Hashemi

2019

Bangladesh J Med Sci

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“…However, the approach has been criticized on conceptual and practical grounds. Conceptually, as Klarman (1969) points out, "[w]hether need is a desirable standard hinges on society's willingness to accord an absolute priority to health services, regardless of cost" (Klarman, 1969). Some modifications of the need approach take this criticism into account.…”

Section: First Approach To Estimating Health Workforce Requirements: mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, one of the determinants commonly taken into account in demand-based studies is income. However, estimates of the income elasticity of health care demand in microeconomic studies (which are often used for demand-based forecasting (Hall & Mejia, 1978;Klarman, 1969Klarman, , 1973) vary widely, even if they cover similar geographic areas and time periods, suggesting that these estimates are quite uncertain (see, for instance, (R. Anderson & Benham, 1970;Fein, 1967;P. J. Feldstein, 1964;Gorham, 1967;Newhouse & Phelps, 1976;Rosett & Huang, 1973;Silver, 1970;Stigler, 1956)).…”

Section: Second Approach To Estimating Health Workforce Requirements:mentioning

confidence: 99%

Changing Research Perspectives on the Global Health Workforce

Bärnighausen¹,

Bloom²

2009

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Past research on the health workforce can be structured into three perspectives-"health workforce planning" (1960 through 1970s); "the health worker as economic actor" (1980s through 1990s); and "the health worker as necessary resource" (1990s through 2000s). During the first phase, shortages of health workers in developed countries triggered the development of four approaches to project future health worker requirements. We discuss each approach and show that modified versions are experiencing a resurgence in current studies estimating health worker requirements to meet population health goals, such as the United Nations' health-related Millennium Development Goals. A perceived "cost explosion" in many health systems shifted the focus to the study of the effect of health workers' behavior on health system efficiency during the second phase. We review the literature on one example topic: health worker licensure. In the last phase, regional health worker shortages in developing countries and local shortages in developed countries led to research on international health worker migration and programs to increase the supply of health workers in underserved areas. Based on our review of existing studies, we suggest areas for future research on the health workforce, including the transfer of existing approaches from developed to developing countries.

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“…More fundamentally, this development demonstrates the principle that the work of physicians can be broken down rationally into small elements, a procedure can be standardized for each element, and the elements assigned to others. 18,22 Economists and productivity analysts have proposed restructuring physicians' work patterns. For example, studies have concluded that employment of auxiliary personnel has a significant positive effect on the weekly volume of patient visits-&dquo; and increases the productivity of physicians by as much as 74 percent.l~~3~ Another study concludes that the average American physician could profitably employ four aides, roughly twice the number he currently employs .30 There have been efforts to limit physicians' traditional freedom to choose where to practice.…”

Section: Control Of the Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Health Care Ideology In Relation to Self-Care by Families

Pratt

1977

Health Education Monographs

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Health care is shifting from a professional-independent to a business-bureaucratic orientation. Both professional and business ideology have been unfavourable to the development of self-care and a strong health care role for families. But business ideology contains more loopholes for the emergence of a higher level of family self-care activity. The shift forces consumers to take a cautious posture in the marketplace, encouraging active management of their own health care. However, families will obtain government support for their self-care activities and a policy-influential role in health system governance only through organized political action.

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Economic Aspects of Projecting Requirements for Health Manpower: A Review Article

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Health Manpower Forecasting: A systematic Review for Models and Approaches

Health Manpower Forecasting: A systematic Review for Models and Approaches

Changing Research Perspectives on the Global Health Workforce

Changes in Health Care Ideology In Relation to Self-Care by Families

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