Economic and Environmental Analysis of Different District Heating Systems Aided by Geothermal Energy

Blázquez, Cristina Sáez; Martín, Arturo Farfán; Nieto, Ignacio Martín; González‐Aguilera, Diego

doi:10.3390/en11051265

Cited by 19 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In some articles, a parallel is drawn between citizens' income and environmental protection [32]. Also, the higher the level of development of a country, the more the investment in renewable energy [33].…”

Section: Closed Questions Questionnairementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The greatest degree of agreement in this batch of eight questions is reached on question number eight, which refers to whether institutions continue to support fossil fuels and cross-border energy grids to the detriment of renewable energies as a consequence of lobbying. The more a country depends on fossil fuels, the less renewable development it has [32].…”

Section: Closed Questions Questionnairementioning

confidence: 99%

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Measures to Remove Geothermal Energy Barriers in the European Union

et al. 2018

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This article examines the main market barriers that hamper the introduction of geothermal energy at local, national, and European levels as well as the necessary steps that need to be taken to eradicate them, thus contributing to the general use of this renewable source of energy. The novelty of this study lies in the detailed description of four different scenarios: the European Union (EU), Spain, the Canary Islands, and the agricultural sector for the three types of geothermal energies and their uses: Low-enthalpy or thermal uses, high-enthalpy or electrical uses and renewable energy mix. The results are expected to differ in terms of level of introduction, barriers, and measures to be taken. We have selected Spain within the European context due to its meagre 0.1% geothermal market share in primary demand for renewable energy, and the Canary Islands in particular, given its insular nature. We have likewise picked the agricultural sector due to its underdevelopment as far as renewable energies are concerned, including geothermal energy.

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Section: Closed Questions Questionnairementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Closed Questions Questionnairementioning

confidence: 99%

Measures to Remove Geothermal Energy Barriers in the European Union

et al. 2018

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“…DHSs supply heat and domestic hot water to heat consumers in a very efficient way, especially where combined heat and power (CHP) plants produce heat [1]. European Union (EU) energy policy is now focused on increasing renewable energy production and improving energy efficiency [2]. Both of these goals can be achieved through DHSs, within the smart district heating concept framework [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Water Temperature Changes on Water Loss Monitoring in Large District Heating Systems

Niemyjski

Zwierzchowski

2021

Energies

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This paper explores how water temperature changes in a district heating system (DHS) impact the monitoring of water losses. Water volume in DHS is constantly monitored, recorded, and replenished. The leakage and failure status of the DHS is often monitored through measuring the make-up water flow rate. In this paper, we present the methodology and a simplified model of the dynamics of the heating system operation, which was used to determine the profile of changes in the average temperature and density of water in the system. The mathematical model of the district heating network (DHN) was verified by comparing the results of simulation calculations, i.e., calculated values of the temperature of water returning to the heat source, with the measured values. Fluctuations in water temperature cause changes in the density and volume of water in the DHN, which affect the amount of water supplementing the system. This is particularly noticeable in a DHN with a large water volume. The study reports an analysis of measurement results of operating parameters of a major DHS in Poland (city of Szczecin). Hourly measurements were made of supply and return water temperature, water flow rate, and pressure throughout the whole of 2019. The water volume of the analyzed DHN is almost 42,000 m3 and the changes in water volume per hour are as high as 5 m3/h, representing 20–30% of the value of the make-up water flow rate. The analysis showed that systems for monitoring the tightness of the DHS and detecting failures, on the basis of measurements of the make-up water flow rate, should take into account the dynamics of water volume changes in the DHN.

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“…The design process of low-enthalpy geothermal systems has undergone a continuous improvement process in the last few years [1][2][3][4]. From the correct assessment of the thermal needs to the selection of the heat pump or the design of the bore field, all of the key areas of the future system are improving at a fast rate nowadays.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Influence of Reducing the Duration of a Thermal Response Test in a Water-Filled Geothermal Borehole Located in Spain

et al. 2020

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Usually thermal response tests are restricted to big geothermal projects; the high investment makes them less suitable for designing domestic low-enthalpy geothermal energy systems. The work here presented aims to study the influence of time reduction in thermal response tests on their precision. Due to the importance of the correct assessment of the thermal characterization of the ground for any kind of geothermal system, time reduction in this essay could make it more affordable to be implemented in some domestic systems. A thermal response test has been implemented, and several time intervals of the test have been considered in order to obtain different results for the thermal conductivity of the ground. The mentioned results have been then compared and also the domestic geothermal systems designed from them by the use of the geothermal software GES-CAL. Results have shown that, in some cases (our testing borehole has some singular characteristics), a significant time reduction in the data acquisition process of the thermal response test does not compromise seriously the precision of the results.

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Economic and Environmental Analysis of Different District Heating Systems Aided by Geothermal Energy

Cited by 19 publications

References 23 publications

Measures to Remove Geothermal Energy Barriers in the European Union

Measures to Remove Geothermal Energy Barriers in the European Union

Impact of Water Temperature Changes on Water Loss Monitoring in Large District Heating Systems

Analysis of the Influence of Reducing the Duration of a Thermal Response Test in a Water-Filled Geothermal Borehole Located in Spain

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