Ecology of Hantaan virus at Twin Bridges Training Area, Gyeonggi Province, Republic of Korea, 2005-2007

Sames, William J.; Klein, Terry A.; Kim, Sang Hyun; Chong, Sung Tae; Lee, In Yong; Gu, Se Hun; Park, Yon Mi; Jeong, Ji Hye; Song, Jin Won

doi:10.1111/j.1948-7134.2009.00030.x

Cited by 13 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…We found that HTNV Ab + rates were positively correlated with weight (age) of A. agrarius. This is similar to other studies and is highly suggestive that the primary source of infection is horizontal, resulting from wounding or indirect transmission from HTNV in the environment, rather than vertical (transplacental or during nesting) (Glass et al 1988, Douglas et al 2001, Sauvage et al 2002, Hinson et al2004, Kallio et al 2006, Sames et al 2009T.A.K., unpublished data). During the spring (March-April, 4.2%-40%) and the fall (August-September, 24.5%-70%) periods at various training sites, there were significant increases in the proportions of gravid females (O'Guinn et al 2008;T.A.K., unpublished data).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…To support this, HFRS cases among ROK populations are not correlated with the seasonal prevalence of HTNV Ab + in A. agrarius . While HTNV Ab + rates tend to be higher for disturbed or space-limited habitats than for larger areas, capture rates are generally lower (Sames et al 2009, Kim et al 2011. When these factors are taken into consideration for transmission potential, relatively undisturbed habitats had similar or higher densities of HTNV Ab + mice based on capture rates (T.A.K., unpublished data).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Limited surveillance of large patches of tall dense grasses narrowly separated by barren ground where artillery are fired at FP-60 identified relatively high rodent populations (23.3% capture rates) and HTNV Ab + rates (28.6%) subsequent to a U.S. soldier acquiring HFRS attributed to exposure at FP-60 during the fall of 2005 (O'Guinn et al 2008, Song et al 2009b). The proximity of these grassy islands to firing artillery may have resulted in increased dispersion of HTNV-infected mice as a result of territorial competition and rodent-to-rodent or indirect transmission of HTNV (Douglas et al 2001, Sauvage et al 2002, Hinson et al 2004, Kallio et al 2006, O'Guinn et al 2008, Sames et al 2009, Song et al 2009b). This may have lead to aerosolization of virus-laden excreta during convoy, site establishment, and firing of artillery (back blast).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Overall, A. agrarius was the most commonly collected rodent in field environments with trap rates occasionally exceeding 50%. It is often found associated with tall grass habitats, especially along banks, with varying degrees of crawling and other herbaceous plants and shrubs associated with unmanaged lands and training sites (Bae et al 1971, Song et al 1971, Lee and Kim 1972, O'Guinn et al 2008, Sames et al 2009, Kim et al 2011. However, during the winter (late November/December) and early spring (March), traps rates were generally lower where herbaceous plants, other than grasses and crawling vegetation that provided ground cover, predominated (i.e., line 1b, 2a, and parts of line 2c).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As this did not adequately describe the environmental and training conditions leading to infection, it was recognized that site surveillance was required to identify potential rodent habitats, relative population densities, HTNV antibody-positive (Ab + ) rates, and local military training risks associated with infections to develop more effective HFRS risk reduction strategies. Recent studies demonstrate that the HTNV genome varies geographically, providing for both serological and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) methods that are specific and allow for more precise epidemiological outcomes (Song et al 2000, 2009b, Sames et al 2009). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hantaan Virus Surveillance in Small Mammals at Firing Points 10 and 60, Yeoncheon, Gyeonggi Province, Republic of Korea

Klein¹,

Kim

Chong

et al. 2012

Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases

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We used epidemiological data and indirect fluorescent antibody tests to determine the Hantaan virus (HTNV) antibody-positive (Ab+) prevalence in small mammals captured at firing point 10 (FP-10) and firing point 60 (FP-60), Gyeonggi Province, near the demilitarized zone, Republic of Korea (ROK), from 2001 to 2005. We used these data, combined with the partial M segment amplified from HTNV recovered from lung tissues of Apodemus agrarius, to clarify the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships among HTNV strains in the ROK. Of the eight species of rodents and one insectivore species captured, A. agrarius accounted for 93.4% and 88.5% at FP-10 and FP-60, respectively. Only two species of rodents, A. agrarius and Micromys minutus, were HTNV Ab+. The overall HTNV Ab+ prevalence for A. agrarius captured at FP-10 and FP-60 was 23.3% (121/520) and 14.5% (94/647), respectively. The hantaviral reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction-positive rate of Ab+ A. agrarius was 74.2% (167/215), and the phylogenetic trees, based on the 269-nucleotide G2-encoding M segment, demonstrated that HTNV strains from FP-10 and FP-60 were distantly segregated from HTNV of other geographic regions in Korea and China. These data are useful in the development of risk reduction strategies for the prevention of hantavirus infections among military personnel, especially during training or the event of hostilities, and civilian populations.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hantaan Virus Surveillance in Small Mammals at Firing Points 10 and 60, Yeoncheon, Gyeonggi Province, Republic of Korea

Klein¹,

Kim

Chong

et al. 2012

Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases

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A Review of Zoonotic Disease Surveillance Supported by the Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center

Burke

Kronmann

Daniels³

et al. 2011

Zoonoses and Public Health

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The Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center (AFHSC), Division of Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System conducts disease surveillance through a global network of US Department of Defense research laboratories and partnerships with foreign ministries of agriculture, health and livestock development in over 90 countries worldwide. In 2010, AFHSC supported zoonosis survey efforts were organized into four main categories: (i) development of field assays for animal disease surveillance during deployments and in resource limited environments, (ii) determining zoonotic disease prevalence in high-contact species which may serve as important reservoirs of diseases and sources of transmission, (iii) surveillance in high-risk human populations which are more likely to become exposed and subsequently infected with zoonotic pathogens and (iv) surveillance at the human-animal interface examining zoonotic disease prevalence and transmission within and between human and animal populations. These efforts have aided in the detection, identification and quantification of the burden of zoonotic diseases such as anthrax, brucellosis, Crimean Congo haemorrhagic fever, dengue fever, Hantaan virus, influenza, Lassa fever, leptospirosis, melioidosis, Q fever, Rift Valley fever, sandfly fever Sicilian virus, sandfly fever Naples virus, tuberculosis and West Nile virus, which are of military and public health importance. Future zoonotic surveillance efforts will seek to develop local capacity for zoonotic surveillance focusing on high risk populations at the human-animal interface.

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Ecological surveillance of small mammals at Dagmar North Training Area, Gyeonggi Province, Republic of Korea, 2001-2005

Kim

Klein²,

Kang

et al. 2011

Journal of Vector Ecology

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A seasonal rodent-borne disease surveillance program was established at Dagmar North Training Area located near the demilitarized zone, Republic of Korea, from 2001 through 2005. Selected habitats surveyed included earthen banks separating rice paddies, fighting positions along a 5 m rock-faced earthen berm, and extensive tall grasses with various degrees of herbaceous and scrub vegetation associated with dirt roads, rice paddies, ditches, ponds, or the Imjin River. Of the nine species of small mammals captured, the striped field mouse (Apodemus agrarius), the primary reservoir for Hantaan virus, was the most frequently collected, representing 92.5% of the 1,848 small mammals captured. Males were captured similarly to females during the spring and summer seasons but were captured less frequently during the fall and winter seasons. Gravid rates were highest in the fall (25.5-57.3%) with the lowest rates during the summer (0.0-2.2%). Capture rates were the lowest along earthen banks separating rice paddies (5.5%) and highest in unmanaged tall grasses and crawling vegetation (15.3-43.5%). An increased knowledge of ecological factors that impact the abundance and distribution of small mammals and the associated ectoparasites and pathogens they harbor is critical for developing accurate disease risk assessments and mitigation strategies for preventing vector-and rodent-borne diseases among soldiers training in field environments. Journal of Vector Ecology 36 (1): 42-54. 2011.

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Ecology of Hantaan virus at Twin Bridges Training Area, Gyeonggi Province, Republic of Korea, 2005-2007

Cited by 13 publications

References 13 publications

Hantaan Virus Surveillance in Small Mammals at Firing Points 10 and 60, Yeoncheon, Gyeonggi Province, Republic of Korea

Hantaan Virus Surveillance in Small Mammals at Firing Points 10 and 60, Yeoncheon, Gyeonggi Province, Republic of Korea

A Review of Zoonotic Disease Surveillance Supported by the Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center

Ecological surveillance of small mammals at Dagmar North Training Area, Gyeonggi Province, Republic of Korea, 2001-2005

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