Ecology, Distribution and Risk of Transmission of Viral Haemorrhagic Fevers by &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Aedes&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; Mosquitoes around the Port Areas of Tema in Southern Ghana

Ojukwu, Kenechukwu C.; Chabi, Joseph; Frempong, Kwadwo K.; Adabie-Gomez, Delphina; Osei, Joseph Harold Nyarko; Asafu-Adjaye, A.; Pi-Bansa, Sellase; Adimazoya, Michelle; Sakyi, Kojo Y.; Akuoko, Kwaku O.; Brenyah, Ruth; Appawu, Maxwell A.; Dadzie, Samuel

doi:10.4236/ae.2022.102010

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The most abundant species of the Aedes mosquito recorded in both populations was Aedes aegypti . This correlates with other studies in Ghana that have found Aedes aegypti to be the most predominant (15,23). The high abundance of these vectors in the country have been attributed to the presence of water holding containers close to human dwellings serving as breeding sites for these mosquitoes.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Transmission risk assessment of Aedes-borne arboviral diseases in Accra, Ghana

Akyea-Bobi

Akorli

Akporh

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background: Dengue, Zika and Chikungunya are Aedes-borne viral diseases that have risen to become great global health concerns in the past years. Several countries in Africa have reported outbreaks of these diseases and despite Ghana sharing borders with some of such countries, it remains free of these outbreaks. Recent studies in Ghana have revealed that there are antibodies and viral RNA of the Dengue virus serotype-2 among individuals in some localities in the Greater Accra Region. This is an indication of a possible silent transmission ongoing in the population, hence the need to assess the risk of transmission of these viruses within the country. This cross-sectional study, therefore, assessed the risk of transmission of Dengue, Zika and Chikungunya viruses in a domestic/peri-domestic (Madina) and a forest (Achimota Forest) population in the Greater Accra Region, Ghana. Methodology/Findings: All stages of the Aedes mosquito (egg, larvae, pupae and adults) were collected around homes and in the forest area for estimation of risk indices. All eggs and immature stages were reared to adults and morphologically identified. The predominant species of Aedes mosquitoes identified from both sites were Aedes aegypti (98% in Madina and 98.1% in Achimota forest). Aedes albopictus, an important arbovirus vector, was identified only in Madina at a prevalence of 1.5% but Achimota forest had the higher species diversity. Both study sites recorded high risk indices; Madina: Positive Ovitrap Index = 26.6%, Container Index = 36.8%, House Index = 19.8%, Breteau Index = 70.4%; Achimota: Positive Ovitrap Index = 34.2% and Container Index = 67.9%. RT-PCR to detect the presence of Dengue, Chikungunya and Zika viruses was negative for all pools tested. Conclusion: All entomological risk indicators estimated showed that both sites had a high potential of an outbreak of arboviral diseases following the introduction of these viruses.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Transmission risk assessment of Aedes-borne arboviral diseases in Accra, Ghana

Akyea-Bobi

Akorli

Akporh

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…Mosquitoes are considered as the number one enemies of mankind [1]. They are responsible of numerous vector-borne diseases namely malaria, yellow fever, dengue fever, rift valley fever, west Nile virus, Venezuelan equine encephalitis, Japanese encephalitis, Zika, la Crosse encephalitis and chikungunya [2] [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Larviciding and IGRs are the options of first choice because the immature stages of mosquitoes are easily managed and controlled [8]. The larvae breed in a series of water-holding containers which included disposed plastic basins, car tyres, plastic containers, buckets, earthenware pots, plastic barrels, metal drums, jerry cans and poly tank [3]. Synthetic mosquito larvicides like pyrethroids, organochlorides, organophosphates and carbamates or insect growth regulators such as chitin synthesis inhibitors and juvenoids proved their undoubted effectiveness against different mosquito species [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Composition and Use of Momordica charantia L. and Hyptis spicigera Lam. Extracts as Mosquito Larvicides and Insect Growth Regulators against Malarial Vector, Anopheles gambiae Giles

Ngadvou¹,

Danga²,

Yonki³

et al. 2023

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Entomological risk assessment for transmission of arboviral diseases by Aedes mosquitoes in a domestic and forest site in Accra, Ghana

Akyea-Bobi,

Akorli,

Opoku

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

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Dengue, Zika and chikungunya are Aedes-borne viral diseases that have become great global health concerns in the past years. Several countries in Africa have reported outbreaks of these diseases and despite Ghana sharing borders with some of these countries, such outbreaks are yet to be detected. Viral RNA and antibodies against dengue serotype-2 have recently been reported among individuals in some localities in the regional capital of Ghana. This is an indication of a possible silent transmission ongoing in the population. This study, therefore, investigated the entomological transmission risk of dengue, Zika and chikungunya viruses in a forest and domestic population in the Greater Accra Region, Ghana. All stages of the Aedes mosquito (egg, larvae, pupae and adults) were collected around homes and in the forest area for estimation of risk indices. All eggs were hatched and reared to larvae or adults for morphological identification together with larvae and adults collected from the field. The forest population had higher species richness with 7 Aedes species. The predominant species of Aedes mosquitoes identified from both sites was Aedes aegypti (98%). Aedes albopictus, an important arbovirus vector, was identified only in the peri-domestic population at a prevalence of 1.5%, significantly higher than previously reported. All risk indices were above the WHO threshold except the House Index for the domestic site which was moderate (19.8). The forest population recorded higher Positive Ovitrap (34.2% vs 26.6%) and Container (67.9% vs 36.8%) Indices than the peri-domestic population. Although none of the mosquito pools showed the presence of dengue, chikungunya or Zika viruses, all entomological risk indicators showed that both sites had a high potential arboviral disease transmission risk should any of these viruses be introduced. Continuous surveillance is recommended in these and other sites in the Metropolis to properly map transmission risk areas to inform outbreak preparedness strategies.

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Ecology, Distribution and Risk of Transmission of Viral Haemorrhagic Fevers by <i>Aedes</i> Mosquitoes around the Port Areas of Tema in Southern Ghana

Cited by 3 publications

References 19 publications

Transmission risk assessment of Aedes-borne arboviral diseases in Accra, Ghana

Transmission risk assessment of Aedes-borne arboviral diseases in Accra, Ghana

Chemical Composition and Use of <i>Momordica charantia</i> L. and <i>Hyptis spicigera</i> Lam. Extracts as Mosquito Larvicides and Insect Growth Regulators against Malarial Vector, <i>Anopheles gambiae</i> Giles

Entomological risk assessment for transmission of arboviral diseases by Aedes mosquitoes in a domestic and forest site in Accra, Ghana

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Ecology, Distribution and Risk of Transmission of Viral Haemorrhagic Fevers by &lt;i&gt;Aedes&lt;/i&gt; Mosquitoes around the Port Areas of Tema in Southern Ghana

Cited by 3 publications

References 19 publications

Transmission risk assessment of Aedes-borne arboviral diseases in Accra, Ghana

Transmission risk assessment of Aedes-borne arboviral diseases in Accra, Ghana

Chemical Composition and Use of &lt;i&gt;Momordica charantia&lt;/i&gt; L. and &lt;i&gt;Hyptis spicigera&lt;/i&gt; Lam. Extracts as Mosquito Larvicides and Insect Growth Regulators against Malarial Vector, &lt;i&gt;Anopheles gambiae&lt;/i&gt; Giles

Entomological risk assessment for transmission of arboviral diseases by Aedes mosquitoes in a domestic and forest site in Accra, Ghana

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Ecology, Distribution and Risk of Transmission of Viral Haemorrhagic Fevers by <i>Aedes</i> Mosquitoes around the Port Areas of Tema in Southern Ghana

Chemical Composition and Use of <i>Momordica charantia</i> L. and <i>Hyptis spicigera</i> Lam. Extracts as Mosquito Larvicides and Insect Growth Regulators against Malarial Vector, <i>Anopheles gambiae</i> Giles