Ecology and Physiology of Root Canal Microbial Biofilm Communities

Paz, Luis E. Chávez de; Marsh, Philip

doi:10.1007/978-3-662-47415-0_1

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…These models usually include a small number of species selected based on their availability and interspecies compatibility. Nevertheless, even multispecies models may not be able to replicate natural root canal communities due to the differences in the environmental conditions and the difficulty to include microorganisms with restricted culture requirements (Chávez de Paz & Marsh, 2015). Increasing the biodiversity of multispecies biofilm models may compromise their standardization and reproducibility.…”

Section: Antimicrobial Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, naturally formed dental plaque biofilms have been grown on special intra‐oral orthodontic devices (del Carpio‐Perochena et al, 2015; Ordinola‐Zapata et al, 2013). These naturally formed multispecies biofilms, especially those composed of root canal bacteria, resemble more closely the composition, interspecies interactions and metabolic cooperation of root canal biofilms in vivo , leading to an increased resistance to antimicrobials (Chávez de Paz, 2007; Chávez de Paz & Marsh, 2015; Tan et al, 2017). However, selection of the most suitable incubation time, growth media and atmospheric conditions is challenging and some species, such as nonculturable ones, may be lost along the laboratory workflow (Rudney et al, 2012).…”

Section: Antimicrobial Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A critical analysis of research methods and experimental models to study irrigants and irrigation systems

Boutsioukis

Arias-Moliz

Paz³

2022

Int Endodontic J

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Irrigation plays an essential role in root canal treatment. The purpose of this narrative review was to critically appraise the experimental methods and models used to study irrigants and irrigation systems and to provide directions for future research. Studies on the antimicrobial effect of irrigants should use mature multispecies biofilms grown on dentine or inside root canals and should combine at least two complementary evaluation methods. Dissolution of pulp tissue remnants should be examined in the presence of dentine and, preferably, inside human root canals. Micro‐computed tomography is currently the method of choice for the assessment of accumulated dentine debris and their removal. A combination of experiments in transparent root canals and numerical modeling is needed to address irrigant penetration. Finally, models to evaluate irrigant extrusion through the apical foramen should simulate the periapical tissues and provide quantitative data on the amount of extruded irrigant. Mimicking the in vivo conditions as close as possible and standardization of the specimens and experimental protocols are universal requirements irrespective of the surrogate endpoint studied. Obsolete and unrealistic models must be abandoned in favour of more appropriate and valid ones that have more direct application and translation to clinical Endodontics.

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Section: Antimicrobial Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Antimicrobial Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

A critical analysis of research methods and experimental models to study irrigants and irrigation systems

Boutsioukis

Arias-Moliz

Paz³

2022

Int Endodontic J

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“…The main goal of root canal treatment is to eradicate microorganisms from the root canals and establish an effective seal at both the apex and coronal regions. By eliminating the presence of microbes within the canal, the goal is to minimize or eliminate the risk of reinfection in the future [ 23 – 25 ]. This tight seal and microbial elimination are essential for the long-standing success of the root canal therapy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Histological evaluations of failed endodontic treatments have identified the persistence of microorganisms inside the root canal system as a primary cause of treatment failure [ 23 , 28 ]. The intricate structure of the root canal system and the ability of biofilms to resist disinfecting agents are major factors that contribute to this challenge [ 28 , 29 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity and Cytotoxicity of an Epoxy Resin-Based Endodontic Sealer Containing Nanoparticles Amorphous Calcium Phosphate

Ibrahim,

Al-Huwaizi

2023

International Journal of Dentistry

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Background. The main cause of posttreatment disease in endodontics is the remaining of microorganisms within the root canal walls after endodontic therapy. Therefore, it is essential to use root canal sealers with potent antibacterial properties. These sealers play a vital role in eradicating any remaining microorganisms and preventing recontamination, especially in situations where there might be microleakage. Aim. The objective of this research was to examine the antimicrobial properties of epoxy root canal sealers containing nanoparticle amorphous calcium phosphate (NACP) against planktonic Enterococcus faecalis in a controlled laboratory environment. Furthermore, the study aimed to assess the potential cytotoxic effects of these sealers. Method. In order to determine the antimicrobial activity, the epoxy resin sealer (AH Plus, Dentsply, Germany) was supplemented with NACP from Sigma–Aldrich, at a concentration of 3wt.%, as per the previous flowability tests. The agar well diffusion assay method was employed to evaluate the antibacterial efficacy. For this, cultured plates (n = 8) were prepared, with each plate containing three wells: one with AH Plus, one with AH Plus + NACP, and one with NACP alone. Subsequently, the plates were sited at 37°C in an incubator and allowed to incubate overnight. The width of the inhibition zones was then analyzed and recorded by the SPSS statistical software package (Version 20.0 for Windows, SPSS, Chicago, IL, USA). The cytotoxicity of the NACP incorporated AH Plus and AH Plus sealers were tested indirectly by MTT assay and directly by the multiparametric high content screening toxicology assay using fibroblast-like cells as cell lines. Results. AH Plus + NACP showed a higher antimicrobial activity than AH Plus with significant difference ( P < 0.0001 ). Both materials showed nonsignificant difference compared to negative control, which indicated lower cytotoxicities. For AH Plus, P = 0.3599 , 0.5959 , and 0.4071 , with time intervals 24, 72, and 168 hr, respectively. For AH Plus + NACP, P = 0.4386 , 0.6182 , and 0.2080 , with 24, 72, and 168 hr, respectively. Conclusions. NACP incorporation with epoxy resin sealer AH PLUS had a higher antimicrobial activity with lower cytotoxic effect indicating their potential therapeutic values.

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Microbial Biofilms in Root Canal Systems

Paz¹

2022

Endodontic Advances and Evidence‐Based Clinical Guidelines

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Ecology and Physiology of Root Canal Microbial Biofilm Communities

Cited by 4 publications

References 75 publications

A critical analysis of research methods and experimental models to study irrigants and irrigation systems

A critical analysis of research methods and experimental models to study irrigants and irrigation systems

Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity and Cytotoxicity of an Epoxy Resin-Based Endodontic Sealer Containing Nanoparticles Amorphous Calcium Phosphate

Microbial Biofilms in Root Canal Systems

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