Ecology and Management of New World Mangroves

Cintrón-Molero, Gilberto; Schaeffer-Novelli, Yara

doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-092567-7.50021-0

Cited by 33 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…This is especially alarming for mangroves, of which only 6.9% were protected in 2000 and which experienced a decline of 0.16% annually from 2000 to 2012 (Hamilton & Casey, 2016). Urbanization has long been identified as a challenge to mangrove conservation and management in the Anthropocene (Cintr on- Molero & Schaeffer-Novelli, 1992;Ellison & Farnsworth, 1996;Lugo, Medina, & McGinley, 2014;Valiela, Bowen, & York, 2001), and recently this has helped initiate more studies of mangrove ecosystems in urban environments. Among these urban mangrove studies, several recurrent patterns and hypotheses are evident, as summarized below.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying the influence of urban land use on mangrove biology and ecology: A meta‐analysis

Branoff

2017

Global Ecol Biogeogr

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Aim The aim was to quantify the influence of urban land use and urban populations on mangrove systems around the world over the past four decades. Location Global. Time period 1997–2015. Major taxa studied Avicennia, Laguncularia, Rhizophora, Aves, Actinopterygii, Crustacea and Mollusca. Methods This review extracts results of mangrove studies on forest cover and structure, nutrient dynamics, sediment contamination and faunal community assemblages conducted around the world between 1997 and 2015. These observations are then correlated with surrounding social–ecological spatial characteristics pertaining to urbanization. Results Mangrove coverage in large cities is mostly decreasing, and at a greater rate than means for corresponding countries. Both expanding urbanization and existing agriculture are most strongly correlated with mangrove losses, which are primarily occurring 5–10 km from urban areas. Along a gradient of surrounding urban land use, mangrove leaf δ15N content increases, and leaf carbon to nitrogen ratios decrease. Sediment concentrations of almost all examined heavy metals are strongly and positively correlated with both surrounding urban and mangrove extent. The diversity of subsistence fisheries increases significantly with surrounding mangrove extent. Worm diversity decreases with increasing surrounding urbanness (urban index), and mangrove specialist bird diversity increases with increasing surrounding urban coverage as well as with mangrove coverage. Main conclusions Mangroves increasingly coexist within highly anthropogenic landscapes along urbanized coasts. Most ecological reports of these systems, however, lack quantified representations of the urban landscape, such as population density or impervious surface coverage. The results of this analysis suggest that some of the reported patterns of forest coverage, nitrogen dynamics, heavy metal contamination and faunal community assemblages in isolated urban mangroves are systemic across the world. These findings are particularly pertinent to 21st century tropical coastlines, which will see some of the greatest urbanization rates over the next century and will guide urban mangrove ecology towards the development of more synergistic social–ecological systems.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying the influence of urban land use on mangrove biology and ecology: A meta‐analysis

Branoff

2017

Global Ecol Biogeogr

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“…Ambientes com características distintas de granulometria do sedimento, temperatura, aporte de nutrientes dos rios, energia de rios e correntes de marés condicionam a zonação e o desenvolvimento estrutural da cobertura vegetal desse ecossistema (SCHAEFFER-NOVELLI et al, 1990). Apesar da alta resiliência das espécies típicas de mangue, responsável pela recuperação desses vegetais após sofrerem perturbações, essa característica nem sempre garante a recomposição total do ecossistema (CINTRÓN;SCHAEFFER-NOVELLI, 1992).…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Caracterizando os visitantes do Parque Estadual da Ilha do Cardoso (SP): subsídio para o planejamento de atividades turística-educacional em áreas de manguezal

Moraes

Lignon

2012

RBEcotur

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O turismo tem causado impactos negativos em unidades de conservação costeiras no Brasil, decorrentes da falta de planejamento da atividade. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo caracterizar os visitantes do Parque Estadual da Ilha do Cardoso (PEIC), localizado no litoral sul do Estado de São Paulo, a fim de subsidiar o planejamento das atividades turística-educacional em áreas de manguezal. No período entre 2002 e 2006, o Núcleo Perequê, localizado na parte nordeste da Ilha do Cardoso, recebeu 210 grupos de visitantes, totalizando 8.420 pessoas. Os grupos de visitantes variaram entre 2 e 138 pessoas. Cada coordenador dos grupos visitantes preencheu um questionário elaborado por funcionários do PEIC, gerando um total de 210 questionários, entre 2002 e 2006. Informações sobre o número de visitantes, motivo da visita, atividades desenvolvidas, tempo de permanência entre outras eram registradas pelo responsável de cada grupo de visitantes. Os questionários eram preenchidos somente por grupos de visitantes que se hospedavam no PEIC. Os dados foram analisados de forma quantitativa. A maioria dos visitantes do PEIC era formada por grupos de escolas, acompanhadas por agências de turismo especializadas em estudo do meio ambiente. O Núcleo Perequê do PEIC recebeu 8.420 visitantes, entre 2002 e 2006, que pernoitaram nessa UC. A visitação apresentou sazonalidade bem definida, influenciada pelo calendário escolar. A maioria dos grupos de escolas que mais frequentaram o Núcleo Perequê do PEIC foram instituições particulares, provenientes, principalmente das cidades de São Paulo, Campinas e Sorocaba, assim como de Curitiba. Os resultados do presente estudo poderão auxiliar na elaboração de recomendações de modo a minimizar os impactos negativos causados pelas atividades desenvolvidas e maximizar as qualidades das experiências turística-educacionais obtidas durante a visitação em áreas de manguezal.

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“…The vegetation in these settings is characterized by individual adaptations, tolerances, and requirements associated with such factors as tidal levels, flooding, salinity or edaphic constraints. Local climatic conditions modify the characteristics of a mangrove forest within each setting, imposing limits on colonization, growth, and development (THOM, 1984;WOODROFFE, 1987;SCHAEFFER-NOVELLI et al, 1990;SCHAEFFER-NOVELLI, 1992;VALE, 2010). The most productive and structurally developed mangrove forests (settings I, II and V) are generally those that receive larger subsidies of terrigenous sediment, freshwater supplies and nutrients (THOM, 1984), accumulating large quantities of biomass.…”

Section: Associated Faunamentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate changes in mangrove forests and salt marshes

et al. 2016

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This synthesis is framed within the scope of the Brazilian Benthic Coastal Habitat Monitoring Network (ReBentos WG 4: Mangroves and Salt Marshes), focusing on papers that examine biodiversity-climate interactions as well as human-induced factors including those that decrease systemic resilience. The goal is to assess difficulties related to the detection of climate and early warning signals from monitoring data. We also explored ways to circumvent some of the obstacles identified. Exposure and sensitivity of mangrove and salt marsh species and ecosystems make them extremely vulnerable to environmental impacts and potential indicators of sea level and climate-driven environmental change. However, the interpretation of shifts in mangroves and salt marsh species and systemic attributes must be scrutinized considering local and setting-level energy signature changes; including disturbance regime and local stressors, since these vary widely on a regional scale. The potential for adaptation and survival in response to climate change depends, in addition to the inherent properties of species, on contextual processes at the local, landscape, and regional levels that support resilience. Regardless of stressor type, because of the convergence of social and ecological processes, coastal zones should be targeted for anticipatory action to reduce risks and to integrate these ecosystems into adaptation strategies. Management must be grounded on proactive mitigation and collaborative action based on long-term ecosystem-based studies and well-designed monitoring programs that can 1) provide real-time early warning and 2) close the gap between simple correlations that provide weak inferences and process-based approaches that can yield increasingly reliable attribution and improved levels of anticipation.

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Ecology and Management of New World Mangroves

Cited by 33 publications

References 21 publications

Quantifying the influence of urban land use on mangrove biology and ecology: A meta‐analysis

Quantifying the influence of urban land use on mangrove biology and ecology: A meta‐analysis

Caracterizando os visitantes do Parque Estadual da Ilha do Cardoso (SP): subsídio para o planejamento de atividades turística-educacional em áreas de manguezal

Climate changes in mangrove forests and salt marshes

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