Ecology and distribution of Lycopodiaceae Mirbel in Malaysia

Abstract

This paper is the first account to discuss the distribution, ecology and habitats of the Lycopodiaceae in Malaysia. Lycopodiaceae are widely distributed throughout Malaysia with respect to altitudes and environmental conditions but most abundantly found in hill forest and lower montane forest, terrestrial as well as epiphytic, in shaded or semi-shaded places with relatively high humidity. Pahang in Peninsular Malaysia and Sabah in Borneo have the highest species diversity in terms of the number of species collected.

Lycopodium Alkaloids: Lycoplatyrine A, an Unusual Lycodine–Piperidine Adduct from Lycopodium platyrhizoma and the Absolute Configurations of Lycoplanine D and Lycogladine H

“…The genus Lycopodium , represented by approximately 40 species worldwide, are rich sources of structurally interesting alkaloids, many of which also possess biological activity. − In Malaysia, the genus comprises six species that can be found at various altitudes and among various vegetation types …”

“…Wilce is the only member of the genus Lycopodium section Complanata , occurring in Malaysia . In the past, specimens of Lycopodium species with flat branches and imbricate leaves were commonly named under the species L. complanatum . , A taxonomic revision by Wilce in 1961 established four new taxa, of which one is L. platyrhizoma . , In terms of its distribution, L. platyrhizoma is a warm area species and has only been found in Malaysia, Sumatra, and Java. − The species is strictly terrestrial and occurs in areas with elevation from 1300 m and above. − The species is also characterized by its extremely flattened rhizome, the absence of leaf bases on the lower side of the branchlets, and the many strobili per peduncle . To date, no phytochemical studies have been carried out on L. platyrhizoma .…”

Amber- and plant-bearing deposits from the Cenomanian of Neau (Mayenne, France)

“…Extant forms usually develop in fairly sheltered, dark and humid environments, such as conifer forests understorey. They also can grow along riverbanks and streams, or as epiphytes on mossy tree trunks (Rusea et al, 2009). A few species, such as Lycopodiella cernua, are even adapted to more arid condition, and can develop in open and sunny areas (Rusea et al, 2009).…”

“…They also can grow along riverbanks and streams, or as epiphytes on mossy tree trunks (Rusea et al, 2009). A few species, such as Lycopodiella cernua, are even adapted to more arid condition, and can develop in open and sunny areas (Rusea et al, 2009). While some representatives of Gleicheniaceae, Anemiaceae, and Lycopodiaceae correspond to drought-resistant plants, the majority of extant ferns flourishes in wet conditions, and a high spore content is generally used as indicator of humid settings.…”

Inventorying the tree fern Genus Cibotium of Sumatra: Ecology, population size and distribution in North Sumatra

“…However these studies can also be approached by using qualitative methodology (Nitta 2006;Boonkerd et al 2008;Rusea et al 2009). The aims of the study were: (i) to re-inventory the species of Cibotium in North Sumatra, (ii) to record the ecology and distribution of each species, and (iii) to assess the population size of each species by using random search methodology using belt transect.…”