Ecologically embedded languages, cumulative grammars and island ecologies¹

Minority Contact Languages, Small Islands, and Linguistic Ecology

“…Scholarly interest into Pitcairn and Norfolk has led to different ways of dealing scientifically with the concept of languages including philosophical, ontological, and typological treatments (e.g. Harrison 1985;Laycock 1989;Mühlhäusler 2007aMühlhäusler , 2011Nash 2016).…”

Flora Lexicon of Kaghati in Muna Speech Community

“…The research conducted by other researchers who conduct ecolinguistic research include the language myth, and indiscrimination between the two different approaches to language known as cognitive internalism and cognitive externalism (Fernández-Vázquez, 2021;Zahoor & Janjua, 2020;Khotimah et al, 2021;Norton & Hulme, 2019;Luardini et al, 2019;Kravchenko, 2016). A more consistent definition of language ecology is given, based on the biology of cognition as a theory of the living; consequently, the subject area of ecolinguistics is defined differently, with a focus on the nature and function of language as a mode of organization of the living system society, (Zahoor & Janjua, 2020;Nash, 2016;Finke, 2014) on the relation of nature and culture (Uryu et al, 2014;Poole, 2018;Urlica & Stefanovic, 2018).…”