Ecological Service Value Tradeoffs: An Ecological Water Replenishment Model for the Jilin Momoge National Nature Reserve, China

Abstract

Wetlands as an important ecosystem type have been damaged in recent years and restoration of wetland ecosystem functions through ecological water replenishment is one of the important ways. The present study involved the construction of a novel ecological water replenishment model for Jilin Momoge National Nature Reserve (JMNNR) using the interval two-stage stochastic programming (ITSP) method. Breaking down traditional economic models that often sacrifice environmental benefits, the model aims to replenish the ecological water in JMNNR, allocate the ecological water resources scientifically, restore the wetland function of the reserve, improve the functional area of the reserve, enhance the net carbon sequestration capacity of the reserve, and complete the reconstruction of the ecosystem, while considering the ecological service value (ESV) of the reserve to achieve a joint increase in the ecological and economic benefits. The ITSP model constructed in the present study overcame the limitation that the original project recommendation was a single recommended value, and the results are presented in the form of intervals to improve flexibility in decision making to allow the individuals responsible for under-taking decisions to bring focused adjustments according to the actual decision-making conditions and increase the selectivity of the decision-making scheme. The present report discusses the construction of an ITSP model for the ecological water replenishment of JMNNR in an attempt to effectively improve both economic benefits and ecosystem restoration of the reserve, achieve the reconstruction of the JMNNR ecosystem, and provide a selective decision space for the key decision-makers to formulate and optimize the project operation and the management plan. The use of the ITSP model as a pre-procedural basis for the implementation of the project and the simulation of the effects of the implementation of the project can effectively avoid the decision limitations that exist when carrying out the project directly. The ITSP model constructed in this paper can also be used as a theoretical guide for water replenishment projects in different areas of the world, and the model parameters can be reasonably adjusted to achieve better results when used according to the actual local conditions.

Response of vegetation variation to climate change and human activities in semi-arid swamps

“…Irrational human cultivation and urban expansion degrade vegetation, while the implementation of ecological engineering improves it ( He et al., 2021 ). We can see from the results of land use conversion that in the medium term, with over-exploitation by humans, a large number of vegetation NDVI high value areas (swampy wetlands, woodlands and grasslands) were converted to NDVI low value areas (water bodies, unused land and built-up land) in the study area ( Mao et al., 2019 ); in recent years, with the implementation of ecological projects such as returning wetlands to farmland, forests to farmland, grazing to grass, and river and lake linkages ( Huang et al., 2022 ), a large number of vegetation areas with low NDVI values (cropland and unused land) have been transformed into areas with high NDVI values (grassland and woodland) in the study area. Coupled with the gradual stabilization of cropland size in recent years, with high NDVI crops such as rice and soybean, the study area maintains a high and stable vegetation cover ( Geng and Zhou, 2022 ).…”

The Value of Surface Freshwater Supply Services in the Wetlands of Jilin Province, China

“…Jilin Province, located in northeastern China, has abundant wetland resources [19]. Huang et al [20] conducted a study on the wetland ecosystem service values of 19 different types within Momoer National Nature Reserve in Jilin Province. Yu et al [21] found that the wetlands of Jilin Province could provide approximately CNY 58.328 × 10 9 of the ecosystem service value annually.…”