Ecological risks and sustainable utilization of reclaimed water and wastewater irrigation

Weiping, 陈卫平 Chen; Sidan, 吕斯丹 Lü; Weiling, 张炜铃 Zhang; Lili, 伊丽丽 Yi; Wentao, 焦文涛 Jiao

doi:10.5846/stxb201305020887

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…The discharge amount of industrial wastewater was 2.5-times the average amount of Yantai City (Yantai Municipal Bureau of Statistics, 2018). Cu and Zn accumulated in farmland irrigated by sewage, which was confirmed by Chen, Lv, Zhang, Yin, and Jiao (2014). Therefore, the application of fertilizers, animal manure, pesticide, and sewage irrigation were probable to cause the accumulation of Cd, Cu, and Zn.…”

Section: Geostatistical Independent Simulation Of Hms In Soilsmentioning

confidence: 76%

Combining finite mixture distribution, receptor model, and geostatistical simulation to evaluate heavy metals pollution in soils: Source and spatial pattern

Zhu

Zhang²,

Wang³

et al. 2021

Land Degrad Dev

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Soil heavy metals (HMs) pollution has caused significant land degradation by affecting soil properties and functions. Clarifying sources and spatial distributions of soil HMs is necessary for the investigation of land degradation, but lacks accurate and efficient methods. This study proposes a combined method for improving source apportionment and spatial prediction of soil HMs. Finite mixture distribution modelling (FMDM) was used to explore the backgrounds and contamination thresholds, and can verify the source contribution calculated by positive matrix factorization (PMF). To improve the efficiency of traditional multivariate geostatistical simulation, independent component analysis and sequential Gaussian simulation were integrated into geostatistical independent simulation for revealing the spatial patterns and the polluted areas. The combined method was applied to an HMs dataset of Longkou City, eastern China as a case-study. Both PMF and FMDM produced three sources of HMs. Cr and Ni were dominated by natural sources. Agricultural inputs mainly affected Cd, Cu, and Zn concentrations. Hg, 66.8%, and Pb, 8.1%, originated from industrial, mining, and traffic emissions. Hazardous areas exceeding moderate pollution cutoffs comprised 203.88 km 2 , accounting for 23.2% of the study area. Less than 0.1% of the areas for all HMs were identified as hazardous zones exceeding the high pollution thresholds. The reasonable management of industrial and agricultural activities, traffic emissions, and mining could have an important influence on the protection of land resources. Combining FMDM, PMF, and geostatistical independent simulation proved valid for investigating the land degradation due to HMs pollution.

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Section: Geostatistical Independent Simulation Of Hms In Soilsmentioning

confidence: 76%

Combining finite mixture distribution, receptor model, and geostatistical simulation to evaluate heavy metals pollution in soils: Source and spatial pattern

Zhu

Zhang²,

Wang³

et al. 2021

Land Degrad Dev

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“…High concentrations of phosphate and nitrate in treated wastewater can cause eutrophication problems of the receiving water body. However, the controlled use of treated water in irrigation improves soil and plant health with nutrients and consequently increases agricultural production, especially in arid/semiarid areas [6,20,21].…”

Section: Organic Matter Indices and Nutrientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A relatively higher value of BOD, nitrate, and phosphate in irrigation-treated water could improve soil fertility and plant production, especially in arid and semiarid soil [6,19]. It is reported in the literature that the prolonged use of treated wastewater in irrigation could adversely impact soil and plant properties [21,22]. However, there are inconsistencies in the reported effects of using treated wastewater for irrigation on soil and plants, which could be due to wastewater characteristics, soil structure and types, plant species, the irrigation system used, and the ability to thrive in a nutrient-deficient environment [18,23,25].…”

Section: Irrigation Water Overall Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These include the provision of an alternative option to increase the available water resources, meeting water demand, addressing water shortages, conserving freshwater, coping with dried climatic conditions, and resolving the untreated sewage water indiscriminate disposal issues [6,18,19]. Moreover, the reuse of treated wastewater in irrigation leads to enhancing the soil and plants with organic matter and nutrients, reducing the use of soil chemical fertilizers, increasing agricultural production along with decreasing costs, and adapting to climate change [6,20,21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Assessment of Irrigation Water Quality with Respect to the Reuse of Treated Wastewater in Al-Ahsa Oasis, Saudi Arabia

Badr,

Tawfik,

Alomran

2023

Water

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Irrigation water quality is important to sustain agricultural productivity. The primary irrigation water sources in Al-Ahsa Oasis, KSA, are groundwater wells, mixed with treated wastewater and agricultural drainage. This study sought to evaluate irrigation water quality in Al-Ahsa Oasis with the aid of using irrigation water quality indices (IWQIs). One hundred and forty-eight different water samples were collected from various irrigation water resources throughout Al-Ahsa Oasis. The investigated physiochemical characteristics include pH, temperature, TDS, EC, turbidity, free chlorine, total hardness, cations (Na, K, Ca, Mg), anions (Cl, CO3, HCO3, SO4), organic matter indices (DO, BOD, COD), and nutrients (NH4, NO3, PO4). The IWQIs used in this study include salinity hazard, sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), Kelly’s ratio (KR), soluble sodium percentage (SSP), Permeability index (PI), residual sodium carbonate (RSC), and magnesium hazard (MH). The results indicated that treated wastewater mixed with groundwater is acceptable for irrigation. Spatial variations in irrigation water quality throughout Al-Ahsa are associated with water resources. For instance, groundwater mixed with agricultural drainage has the highest values of TDS, cations, and anions, whereas the lowest values were reported for treated wastewater, reflecting the good efficiency of wastewater treatment plants. The IWQI results revealed that 4.1% and 62.1% of the investigated irrigation water samples were considered good (class III) and satisfactory (class IV) for irrigation, respectively, whereas 33.8% of the collected water samples fall within the severe irrigation restrictions. Moreover, 79.7% of the investigated water samples were classified to have high to very high salinity hazards (C3, C4) and medium to high sodium hazards (S2, S3). Regular monitoring and assessment of treated water quality and wastewater treatment plant efficiency are important factors in achieving the sustainability of treated wastewater reuse in irrigation and consequently food security.

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“…In the formulation of the management plan, we can learn from the advanced experience of foreign countries. For example, California specially sets up relevant institutions and departments to monitor and supervise the reclaimed water body, ensure that the proportion of microorganisms and chemical elements in the water body reaches the standard, and severely punish the reclaimed water plants that exceed the national standard [14], so that users can fully trust the safety of reclaimed water, which is conducive to the promotion of reclaimed water.…”

Section: Item Weightmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the configuration scheme of urban reclaimed water in China based on multi-factor influence

Guo

Wang

He³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Reclaimed water is a stable unconventional water resource, improving the utilization rate of reclaimed water and strengthening the allocation of reclaimed water resources are the current important work of cities in China.In this paper, the research on reclaimed water in China is relatively backward, and a perfect allocation scheme of reclaimed water has not yet been formed. According to China 's development pattern and industrial economy, with the goal of most in line with urban development planning and maximizing economic benefits, a set of algorithms for the allocation of reclaimed water in three major water consumption items of municipal miscellaneous, primary industry and secondary industry are set up, and then three representative cities in South China and North China are selected for calculation.Finally, some suggestions are put forward for the development of reclaimed water in China according to the results.

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Ecological risks and sustainable utilization of reclaimed water and wastewater irrigation

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Combining finite mixture distribution, receptor model, and geostatistical simulation to evaluate heavy metals pollution in soils: Source and spatial pattern

Combining finite mixture distribution, receptor model, and geostatistical simulation to evaluate heavy metals pollution in soils: Source and spatial pattern

An Assessment of Irrigation Water Quality with Respect to the Reuse of Treated Wastewater in Al-Ahsa Oasis, Saudi Arabia

Study on the configuration scheme of urban reclaimed water in China based on multi-factor influence

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