Ecological risks and potential sources of heavy metals in agricultural soils from Huanghuai Plain, China

Zhou, Lingli; Yang, Bing; Xue, Ning; Li, Fasheng; Seip, H. M.; Cong, Xin; Yun-zhong, Yan; Liu, Bo; Han, Baolu; Li, Huiying

doi:10.1007/s11356-013-2023-0

Cited by 81 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Correlations among different heavy metals can be used to explain their spatial distributions and sources in soils (Navas and Machín, 2002;Zhou et al, 2014). The correlations among different soil heavy metals (Table 4) indicate a common source of Cr, Ni, Zn, and Pb and a separate source of Cu in the Laozhai watershed.…”

Section: Spatial Distribution and Environmental Controls Of Soil Heavmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial distribution and environmental factors of catchment-scale soil heavy metal contamination in the dry-hot valley of Upper Red River in southwestern China

Duan

Zhang

et al. 2015

CATENA

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a b s t r a c t a r t i c l e i n f oThe severe soil erosion in the dry-hot valley (DHV) in southwestern China may result in heavy metal pollution in the Red River. However, little is known concerning the level of contamination, spatial distribution and environmental controls of the heavy metals in the soils of the DHV. Heavy metal concentrations in agricultural soils in a typical DHV catchment were investigated. Soil samples from both the topsoil (0-20 cm) and subsoil (20-40 cm) were collected at sixty-two sites, and the soil physical and chemical properties of sand, silt, clay, and organic matter contents; soil pH; bulk density; and the concentrations of Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Pb were determined. Topographic factors of slope gradient, slope aspect, elevation, and topographic wetness index at each site were calculated using DEM. Kriging and canonical correspondence analyses were used to assess the spatial distribution of and environmental controls on heavy metals. The results demonstrated that the concentrations of Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Pb in the DHV were higher than most of the reported values for agricultural soils worldwide and that the DHV may constitute a potential source of heavy metal pollution in the Red River. Considering each heavy metal individually, the vertical distribution in the topsoil and subsoil was similar at all of the sampling sites. High concentrations of Cr, Ni, Zn and Pb were observed at low elevations and low slope areas, and the spatial distribution pattern of Cu was contrary to that of Cr, Ni, Zn and Pb. The concentrations of heavy metals in the topsoil were controlled by both soil and topographical factors, while in the subsoil, they were primarily controlled by soil-related factors. It is concluded that high background concentrations, uncontrolled use of chemical fertilizers, and mining are the sources responsible for heavy metal contamination in the DHV region.

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Section: Spatial Distribution and Environmental Controls Of Soil Heavmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial distribution and environmental factors of catchment-scale soil heavy metal contamination in the dry-hot valley of Upper Red River in southwestern China

Duan

Zhang

et al. 2015

CATENA

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“…The Hakanson potential ecological risk index (RI) was used widely for a comprehensive assessment of the harmful effects of heavy metals in soil (Qu et al 2014;Yuan et al 2014;Zhou et al 2014). The risk index was calculated using the following equation (Hakanson 1980):…”

Section: Calculation Of Potential Ecological Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…S1). The differences of E r i between Hg and the other metals mainly resulted from their toxic response factors (T r i ) and abnormally high concentration at a few sampling sites (Zhou et al 2014). Therefore, RI reflects the risk of high toxic metals that are released by industrial activities in this region.…”

Section: Potential Ecological Risk Assessmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of urbanization on the distribution of heavy metals in soils along the Huangpu River, the drinking water source for Shanghai

Bai

Wang

Peng

et al. 2015

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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We investigated the horizontal and vertical distribution of heavy metals (Hg, Pb, Zn, Cu, Cd, As, Ni, and Cr) in soils in the water source protection zone for Shanghai to study the origins of these metals, their connections with urbanization, and their potential risk posed on the ecosystem. Determination of metal concentrations in 50 topsoil samples and nine soil profiles indicated that Hg, Pb, Zn, and Cu were present in significantly higher concentrations in topsoil than in deep soil layers. The spatial distributions of Hg, Pb, Zn, and Cu and contamination hotspots for these metals in the study area were similar to those near heavy industries and urban built-up areas. Emissions from automobiles resulted in increased soil concentrations of Cu, Pb, and Zn along roadsides, while high concentrations of Hg in the soil resulted from recent atmospheric deposition. Calculation of the potential ecological risk indicated that the integrative risk of these heavy metals in most areas was low, but a few sites surrounding high density of factories showed moderate risks.

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“…PCA is a datareduction procedure which aims at providing a simple visualization of the relationships between variables for large or complex datasets (Lawless and Heymann 2010). Many studies have used this method for analyzing the possible sources of heavy metals (e.g., Zhou et al 2014). Similarly, it was applied in this research to convert a set of possibly correlated heavy metals into a set of values for linearly uncorrelated variables (principal components or PCs) in order to explore the grouping of metals according to their similarities (Jolliffe 2005;Abdi and Williams 2010;Shan et al 2013).…”

Section: Principal Component Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

The accumulation of heavy metals in agricultural land and the associated potential ecological risks in Shenzhen, China

Song

Liu

et al. 2015

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Accumulation of heavy metals in agricultural land and their ecological risks are key issues in soil security studies. This study investigated the concentrations of six heavy metals-copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), and chromium (Cr) in Shenzhen's agricultural lands and examined the potential hazards and possible sources of these metals. Eighty-two samples from agricultural topsoil were collected. Potential ecological risk index was used to calculate the potential risk of heavy metals. Principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to explore pollution sources of the metals. Finally, Kriging was used to predict the spatial distribution of the metals' potential ecological risks. The concentrations of the heavy metals were higher than their background values. Most of them presented little potential ecological risk, except for the heavy metal cadmium (Cd). Four districts (Longgang, Longhua, Pingshan, and Dapeng) exhibited some degree of potential risk, which tended to have more industries and road networks. Three major sources of heavy metals included geochemical processes, industrial pollutants, and traffic pollution. The heavy metal Cd was the main contributor to the pollution in agricultural land during the study period. It also poses the potential hazard for the future. High potential risk is closely related to industrial pollution and transportation. Since the 1980s, the sources of heavy metals have evolved from parent rock weathering, erosion, degradation of organics, and mineralization to human disturbances resulting in chemical changes in the soil.

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Ecological risks and potential sources of heavy metals in agricultural soils from Huanghuai Plain, China

Cited by 81 publications

References 49 publications

Spatial distribution and environmental factors of catchment-scale soil heavy metal contamination in the dry-hot valley of Upper Red River in southwestern China

Spatial distribution and environmental factors of catchment-scale soil heavy metal contamination in the dry-hot valley of Upper Red River in southwestern China

Impacts of urbanization on the distribution of heavy metals in soils along the Huangpu River, the drinking water source for Shanghai

The accumulation of heavy metals in agricultural land and the associated potential ecological risks in Shenzhen, China

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