Ecological Risk Assessment

Acute toxicity and risk assessment of permethrin, naled, and dichlorvos to larval butterflies via ingestion of contaminated foliage

“…Hazard quotients (HQs) were determined based on the methods published by Suter (2007). In this study, HQs were determined by the ratio of the highest measured exposure dose value (HD) and the 90th percentile dose from the distribution for the exposure doses calculated based on all measurements of each of the three insecticides in plant leaves from a field monitoring program (Pierce, 2009(Pierce, ) in 2007(Pierce, -2008 in Big Pine Key, FL divided by the toxicological endpoint (24-h LD50, LOAED) for each laboratory toxicity test with each species.…”

Effects of wind energy generation and white-nose syndrome on the viability of the Indiana bat

“…Due to uncertainty about the number of bats killed by turbines (Arnett & Baerwald, 2013), we used three mortality scenarios: A low mortality scenario with 1 of 1,000 bats flying by a turbine killed, a medium mortality scenario with one out of 100 bats flying by a turbine killed, and a high mortality scenario with one out of 10 bats flying by a turbine killed. These three scenarios were chosen to bound the spectrum of possible responses and accommodate uncertainty in Indiana bat mortality at turbines, as well as include a “safety factor” consideration (Suter II, 2006). This uncertainty in mortality exists because, to date, only 7 Indiana bats have been reported killed at wind energy facilities to the USFWS (Fig.…”

Life Cycle Assessment and Risk Assessment of Manufactured Nanomaterials

“…There exist some different forms of risk assessment, such as environmental risk assessment [62], ecological risk assessment [63], and risk assessment of chemicals [64,65]. There exist some different forms of risk assessment, such as environmental risk assessment [62], ecological risk assessment [63], and risk assessment of chemicals [64,65].…”