Ecological, practical, and political inputs into selection of weed targets: What makes a good biological control target?

Charudattan, R.

doi:10.1016/j.biocontrol.2005.07.009

Cited by 130 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Others have suggested that detailed risk assessments, as are regularly used in CBC to evaluate risks and benefits, are of use in conservation applications of synthetic biology [29,36]. We advocate this view, and further urge conservation biologists and synthetic biologists to apply the decision frameworks and risk assessments developed for the application of CBC and ecological restoration [37,38] to intractable conservation issues so as to make informed and thoughtful decisions about the ecological, political, and biological aspects of each project before deciding the validity of applying synthetic biology to such issues. Having a framework, including risk assessments and adaptive management [19], for decision-making will serve to highlight conservation issues that are inappropriate candidates for application of synthetic biology and will provide legitimacy for projects that pass the rigors of the framework.…”

Section: Look To the Pastmentioning

confidence: 98%

Is It Time for Synthetic Biodiversity Conservation?

Piaggio¹,

Segelbacher

Seddon

et al. 2017

Trends in Ecology & Evolution

146

119

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Section: Look To the Pastmentioning

confidence: 98%

Is It Time for Synthetic Biodiversity Conservation?

Piaggio¹,

Segelbacher

Seddon

et al. 2017

Trends in Ecology & Evolution

146

119

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“…An alternative envisaged is biological weed control based on the use of natural microorganisms (Charudattan, 2005). The classical approach involving the use of exotic plant pathogens was developed in the early 1970s (Watson, 1991).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production and oil-emulsion formulation of Cadophora malorum and Alternaria jacinthicola, two biocontrol agents against Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes)

Dagno¹,

Lahlali²,

Diourté³

et al. 2011

Afr. J. Microbiol. Res.

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Cadophora malorum isolate Mln715 and Alternaria jacinthicola strain MUCL 53159 are under development as biocontrol agents against Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) in Mali. Production of spores of these agents on locally available substrates (Water Hyacinth, powdered paddy rice chaff, wheat semolina) was assessed with a view to mass production. The C. malorum isolate sporulated best on Water Hyacinth (4.08 × 10 7 spores ml -1 ), followed by wheat (1.06 ×10 7 spores ml -1 ), whereas A. jacinthicola produced more spores on paddy rice chaff and wheat (0.24 x 10 7 spores ml -1 ). The severity of the damage caused by each pathogen was evaluated in the greenhouse and in the field. Under both greenhouse and field conditions, the biocontrol efficacy of the fungal isolates was improved with (unrefined) Carapa procera (L.) oil or (refined) palm oil, supplemented with soybean lecithin and Tween 20. When such a formulation was used, the incubation time was 4 to 5 days in the greenhouse and 7 to 9 days on the field, and the damage severity (DS) recorded 6 weeks after treatment varied from 87.02 to 93.13% in the greenhouse and from 59.11 to 63.00% in the field. For unformulated C. malorum and A. jacinthicola respectively, the incubation times were longer and the DS values were only 22.11 and 29.05% in the greenhouse and 12.05 and 15.15% on the field. Our results highlight good substrates for mass production of these mycoherbicides and demonstrate the ability of vegetable oil formulations to improve their efficacy.

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“…However, the spread of A. alternata on more mature plants was slower and limited to the lower leaves and the stem. Similarly, Charudattan (2005) reported that on plants that have the ability to regenerate quickly, spread of pathogens was limited to lower leaves.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Management of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes [Mart.] Solms) using bioagents in the Rift Valley of Ethiopia

Gebregiorgis

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Management of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes[This thesis presents a study on management of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes [Mart.] Solms) using insects and fungal pathogens as bioagents. The main goal was to develop an effective biocontrol strategy for water hyacinth in the Rift Valley of Ethiopia. To this end, a field survey was conducted to assess the agro-ecological distribution of water hyacinth and of native fungal pathogens found in association with water hyacinth. We also performed laboratory and lath house experiments on (i) pathogenicity and host specificity of the fungal pathogens; (ii) adaptability, life table, efficacy and host specificity of the two Neochetina weevils; and (iii) the synergetic effects of integrated use of Neochetina weevils and fungal pathogen as bioagents. Survey results indicated that the weed is distributed in the Rift Valley water bodies located in low, mid and high altitude. The survey results also identified 25 fungal species found in association with water hyacinth that belonged to nine genera. Among the isolates, Alternaria alternata, A. tenuissima, and Alternaria spp. hold promise as possible bioagents of water hyacinth.Laboratory study on life cycle and development of Neochetina weevils indicated the two weevils took shorter generation time in Ethiopia than in Argentina but relatively similar to Kenya and Uganda. In Ethiopia, the two weevils produced four generations per year indicating their successful establishment. Feeding by adult weevils and tunneling by larvae significantly impacted the vigour and reproduction of water hyacinth plants. A herbivory loads of three pairs of N. bruchi and two pairs of N. eichhorniae showed the highest level of leaf damage and defoliated petioles. The study also reinforced that the two weevils are sufficiently host-specific. Finally, a study on integrated use of Neochetina weevils and an indigenous plant pathogen revealed that the two Neochetina weevils and the fungus A. alternata were together able to reduce the vegetative growth and fresh weight of water hyacinth plants considerably.This study recommends integrated use of fungal species and the two weevils to control water hyacinth. Implications of the findings are also discussed in the context of integrated water hyacinth management using the native fungal pathogens and the two weevils.

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Ecological, practical, and political inputs into selection of weed targets: What makes a good biological control target?

Cited by 130 publications

References 45 publications

Is It Time for Synthetic Biodiversity Conservation?

Is It Time for Synthetic Biodiversity Conservation?

Production and oil-emulsion formulation of Cadophora malorum and Alternaria jacinthicola, two biocontrol agents against Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes)

Management of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes [Mart.] Solms) using bioagents in the Rift Valley of Ethiopia

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