Ecological models of alcohol outlets and violent assaults: crime potentials and geospatial analysis

Gruenewald, Paul J.; Freisthler, Bridget; Remer, Lillian G.; LaScala, Elizabeth A.; Treno, Andrew J.

doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2006.01405.x

Cited by 262 publications

(280 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…4,5 On the other hand, perceived or subjective availability has been found to be a better predictor of alcohol consumption than physical availability in some studies. 6,7 Alcohol outlet density has also been associated with a variety of social problems including violent assault, [8][9][10][11][12] alcohol-related motor vehicle accidents and fatalities, 12,13 and sexually transmitted disease rates. 14,15 Yet, other studies have found that drug-related crime is a stronger predictor of violence than alcohol outlets.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol Availability and Neighborhood Characteristics in Los Angeles, California and Southern Louisiana

et al. 2008

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The objective of this study was to examine the associations between alcohol availability types and community characteristics in randomly selected census tracts in Southern California and Southeastern Louisiana. Outlet shelf space and price by beverage type was collected from all off-sale alcohol outlets in 189 census tracts by trained research personnel. Three aspects of alcohol availability at the census tract level were considered-outlets per roadway mile, shelf space, and least price by beverage type. Using multivariate analyses, we examined the associations between census tract socioeconomic and demographic characteristics and alcohol availability types. Fifteen measures of alcohol availability were calculated-total shelf space and shelf space by beverage types (beer, malt liquor, and distilled spirits); outlets per roadway mile, per tract, and per capita; and least price by beverage type (including wine). In multivariate analyses controlling for state, male unemployment rate was inversely associated with total shelf space (p=0.03) and distilled spirit shelf space (p=0.05). Malt liquor shelf space was inversely associated with percent White (p=0.02). Outlets per roadway mile was positively associated with household poverty (pG0.0001), whereas percent African American was inversely associated with outlets per roadway mile (p=0.03). Beveragespecific least prices were not associated with any socioeconomic or demographic community characteristics. Alcohol availability types, but not least price, were associated with some community characteristics. More research exploring how alcohol availability types vary by community and their relationship to alcohol-related harms should be conducted.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol Availability and Neighborhood Characteristics in Los Angeles, California and Southern Louisiana

et al. 2008

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“…Both the density of alcohol outlets and the density of drug crimes per capita can predict violent crime rates in those communities (Gorman, Zhu, & Horel, 2005). Other studies have also reported links between alcohol outlet density and assault rates (Gruenewald, Freisthler, Remer, LaScala, & Treno, 2006). High levels of alcohol availability in a community may increase rates of violence through behavioral dis-inhibition at the individual level, especially in contexts with existing norms supportive of violence, or by undermining social organization and collective efficacy in disadvantaged or high-risk communities (Nielsen, Martinez, & Lee, 2005).…”

Section: Availability Of Drugs/alcohol In Communitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying links between sexual violence and youth violence perpetration: New opportunities for sexual violence prevention.

DeGue¹,

Massetti

Holt

et al. 2013

Psychology of Violence

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Objective-One promising opportunity for advancing sexual violence (SV) research and identifying new avenues for prevention involves examining other forms of violence that may share risk factors with SV. Youth violence (YV) is ideal for consideration given evidence of overlap in SV and YV risk factors, a large set of established YV risk factors across the social ecology, and the number of evidence-based YV prevention strategies available. The current paper identifies shared and unique risk factors for SV and YV and highlights evidence-based YV prevention strategies that impact these shared risk factors.Conclusions-Researchers and program developers should consider adapting and evaluating evidence-based YV prevention strategies to prevent SV. Modifying these programs to address SV's unique risk factors may maximize their potential effectiveness. In addition, expanding SV research at the outer levels of the social ecology is critical to developing community-level prevention strategies. The YV literature suggests several potential risk factors at these levels in

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“…While licensed premises play a key role in alcohol-related violence (Graham et al, 2001;Gruenewald et al, 2006), it is not easy to develop successful interventions in this area. Two recent reviews concluded that most of the evaluations of interventions implemented to reduce alcohol-related harm and overserving in drinking environments are limited because of methodological shortcomings (Jones et al, 2011;Kurtze et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

If it works there, will it work here? The effect of a multi-component responsible beverage service (RBS) programme on violence in Oslo

Skarðhamar

Fekjær

Pedersen

2016

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

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a b s t r a c tBackground: The Stockholm Prevents Alcohol and Drug Problems (STAD) programme has been regarded as one of the most successful programmes to date, in reducing alcohol-related violence. This multicomponent Responsible Beverage Service (RBS) programme was implemented in Stockholm, Sweden, and has been documented to be extremely effective in reducing alcohol-related nightlife violence. The SALUTT programme in Oslo, Norway was carefully modelled on the STAD project. Aim: We investigate whether the results from STAD were replicated in the SALUTT intervention. Design: Using geocoded data, the level of violence in the intervention area was compared with different control areas before and after the intervention. Statistics: Autoregressive moving average models (ARIMA). Findings: The SALUTT programme had no statistically significant effect on violence. However, the level of violence in the different potential control areas of Oslo fluctuated without a clear common trend. Hence, it was difficult to establish proper control areas. Conclusions:The results from the Swedish STAD-intervention were not replicated in Oslo. Successful interventions are not necessarily replicated in other contexts, and the current literature does not shed sufficient light on the conditions under which such interventions actually work. Moreover, more attention should be devoted to the identification of adequate control areas in future research.

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Ecological models of alcohol outlets and violent assaults: crime potentials and geospatial analysis

Abstract: Population and place characteristics are associated with rates of violence across spatial areas. Alcohol outlets directly affect and moderate potentials for violence associated with socio-demographic groups.

Cited by 262 publications

References 27 publications

Alcohol Availability and Neighborhood Characteristics in Los Angeles, California and Southern Louisiana

Alcohol Availability and Neighborhood Characteristics in Los Angeles, California and Southern Louisiana

Identifying links between sexual violence and youth violence perpetration: New opportunities for sexual violence prevention.

If it works there, will it work here? The effect of a multi-component responsible beverage service (RBS) programme on violence in Oslo

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