Ecological impacts of lead mining on Ozark streams: Toxicity of sediment and pore water

Abstract

a b s t r a c tWe studied the toxicity of sediments downstream of lead-zinc mining areas in southeast Missouri, using chronic sediment toxicity tests with the amphipod, Hyalella azteca, and pore-water toxicity tests with the daphnid, Ceriodaphnia dubia. Tests conducted in 2002 documented reduced survival of amphipods in stream sediments collected near mining areas and reduced survival and reproduction of daphnids in most pore waters tested. Additional amphipod tests conducted in 2004 documented significant toxic effects of sediments from three streams downstream of mining areas: Strother Creek, West Fork Black River, and Bee Fork. Greatest toxicity occurred in sediments from a 6-km reach of upper Strother Creek, but significant toxic effects occurred in sediments collected at least 14 km downstream of mining in all three watersheds. Toxic effects were significantly correlated with metal concentrations (nickel, zinc, cadmium, and lead) in sediments and pore waters and were generally consistent with predictions of metal toxicity risks based on sediment quality guidelines, although ammonia and manganese may also have contributed to toxicity at a few sites. Responses of amphipods in sediment toxicity tests were significantly correlated with characteristics of benthic invertebrate communities in study streams. These results indicate that toxicity of metals associated with sediments contributes to adverse ecological effects in streams draining the Viburnum Trend mining district.Published by Elsevier Inc.

4-amine-2-mercaptopyrimidine modified silica gel applied in Cd(II) and Pb(II) extraction from an aqueous medium

“…In all the experiments, the amount of the adsorbed metal, Nf, was determined by the difference between the initial concentration in aqueous solution and the concentration in the supernatant, according to Equation (1). (1) where N i represents the initial number of mols of metal in 50 mL of the solution, N s represents the number of mols of metal in the supernatant after stirring, and m is the Si-BP mass used in the experiment.…”

Heavy metal pollution in sediments of a typical mariculture zone in South China

“…Sediment pollution by heavy metals has been regarded as a critical problem in marine environment because of their toxicity and bioaccumulation (Chapman et al, 1998;Islam and Tanaka, 2004;Singh et al, 2005;Todd et al, 2010). Many studies have shown that heavy metals in sediments could significantly impact the health of marine ecosystem (Snodgrass et al, 2008;Zheng et al, 2008;Besser et al, 2009). The toxicity and mobility of heavy metals in sediments vary greatly among different chemical forms (Perin et al, 1985;Cuong and Obbard, 2006;Fan et al, 2008;Yu et al, 2010).…”

“…Arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) are some of the most common heavy metal pollutants (Hakanson, 1980;Chen et al, 1991;Wong et al, 2001). These metals can enter estuaries and coastal waters through the discharge of industrial and municipal wastewaters, storm run-off, dust deposition, mine discharge, waste incineration, and other diffuse sources (Tanner et al, 2000;Dai et al, 2007;Meng et al, 2008;Zhang et al, 2008;Cheng et al, 2009;Besser et al, 2009;Cheng and Hu, 2010a,b;Hosono et al, 2010Hosono et al, , 2011. Sediment-bound heavy metals have a tendency to adsorb and accumulate on finegrained particles that eventually move into the depositional areas (Zhang et al, 2001;Morillo et al, 2002;Jain, 2004;Man et al, 2004;Qiu et al, 2005;Singh et al, 2005;Mendiguchía et al, 2006).…”

Spatially Explicit Analysis of Metal Transfer to Biota: Infl uence of Soil Contamination and Landscape

“…The hot spots of heavy metal concentration are often near industrial plants [11]. Heavy metal emissions have been declining in some industrialized countries over the last few decades [12,13], however, anthropogenic sources have been increasing with rapid industrialization and urbanization in developing countries [14,15].Heavy metal contaminations in sediment could affect the water quality, the bioassimilation and bioaccumulation of metals in aquatic organisms, resulting in potential long-term affects on human health and ecosystem [16][17][18][19]. Quantification of the land-derived metal fluxes to the sea is therefore a key factor to ascertain at which extent those inputs can influence the natural biogeochemical processes of the elements in the marine [20,21].…”