Ecological features of the spread ofemergency infections in the natural biocenoses of Ukraine

Voloshyn, O.; Voloshyna, N. O.; Karpenco, U.; Dubinskyi, D.; Sushko, D.

doi:10.32846/2306-9716/2022.eco.1-40.16

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Penetration of any new type of pathogen or its strain into the biocenosis can affect not only the population itself, but also the trophic network, various types of coactions, and overall stability of the biocenosis, while compensating for mortality from the absence of predation (Voloshyn et al, 2022).…”

Section: R E S U Lt S a N D Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Ukraine, studies of the dynamics of changes in the wild boar population are fragmentary. Data on the population size of wild animals are presented in the environmental passports of regions, which is an analytical collection on the state of the natural environment and its components, including the animal world, in particular, the retrospective dynamics of the number of the main species of hunting animals and their extraction (Voloshyn et al, 2022;Pavlenko, 2018).…”

Section: R E S U Lt S a N D Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ecological Mechanisms of Sus Scrofa Population Regulation in Modern Conditions

Voloshyna

Voloshyn

Sushko

et al. 2022

Scientific Horizons

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Wild boar population (Sus scrofa) has been growing rapidly in most countries of the world over the past decades. The invasive species has high reproduction rates and well-developed adaptive responses, which allows it to successfully expand the boundaries of its habitat, create significant economic losses to agriculture and horticulture, urban ecosystems, and threatens the loss of biological diversity and the spread of zoonotic infections. The purpose of the paper was to analyse the factors that contribute to the expansion of the Sus scrofa species in the world, to determine the ecological mechanisms of population regulation against the background of rapid anthropogenic transformation of the habitat and global climatic anomalies; to assess changes in the dynamics of population size in hunting farms of Ukraine for the period from 2010 to 2020 in the Chernihivska oblast, in particular. Conventional methods of retrospective analysis, synthesis, environmental, general biological, and epizootic research were used. The paper analyses the world experience and identifies the main factors of low effectiveness of strategies for controlling the rapidly growing population of wild boar in agroecosystems, mixed forest and urban ecosystems. Due to the unique features of forming a life strategy, the Sus scrofa species demonstrate successful development, expansion of the range of available food resources, effective use of daily diversification of ecological niches in the conditions of transformed ecosystems, etc. It is established that the reason for the inefficiency of ecological mechanisms of pressure on the population of the species in the "predator-prey" system is the absence of large predators in the forest ecosystems of Chernihivska oblast. At the same time, the absence of deterrent mechanisms in the predator-prey system ensured the manifestation of next-level mechanisms, namely, the appearance of foci of African swine fever along the forest cycle in the natural biocenoses of the region. Response – the response of populations was manifested by a rapid short-term decrease in the population of Sus scrofa, as a temporary deterrent effect with a subsequent recovery trend. The results obtained can be used in the development of practical recommendations for biological monitoring, environmental control, and the development of effective forest management measures to prevent biological safety associated with the uncontrolled distribution of Sus scrofa and African swine fever based on universal ecological mechanisms of population regulation

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Section: R E S U Lt S a N D Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: R E S U Lt S a N D Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological Mechanisms of Sus Scrofa Population Regulation in Modern Conditions

Voloshyna

Voloshyn

Sushko

et al. 2022

Scientific Horizons

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“…Однак ці відстані можуть значно збільшуватись через втручання людини. Господарська діяльність, інтенсивне полювання та бойові дії на територіях проживання популяції диких кабанів можуть спричинити втечу тварин у більш сприятливі регіони, що своєю чергою робить АЧС ще більш рухливим вогнищем інфекцій, аніж це було у мирні часи (Beltran-Alcrudo et al, 2017;Voloshyn et al, 2022;Tiwari et al, 2022). А неможливість прибрати трупи загиблих тварин із замінованих територій надовго укорінює вірус серед сприйнятливого поголів'я (Chenais et al, 2018;Jo & Gortázar 2020).…”

Section: вступunclassified

The effect of military activities on the epizootic situation of ASF in the Sumy region

Dudnyk

Фотіна

2023

SMLNUVMB

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Using publicly available information from the State Service of Ukraine on Food Safety and Consumer Protection on the cases of African swine fever in Ukraine, the epidemiological situation regarding ASF in the Sumy region was analyzed, taking into account the consequences of military activities. When considering the ways of spreading the virus, the impact of the armed aggression of the Russian Federation on the main risk factors for the spread of the disease was revealed. In our opinion, wild boars, the number of which has increased by 19.3 % in the region over the past year and which is not regulated by hunters due to the hunting ban, remain a particularly dangerous way of spreading the virus. Hostilities, shelling and the movement of military equipment through the ASF-affected regions directly affect the migration processes of disturbed wildlife, which can quickly spread the virus over long distances, spread it within the population and transmit it to the domestic livestock. An important anthropogenic factor in the spread of the disease is the chaotic contamination of military base areas with unprocessed food residues that may contain a viable virus and, together with other fomites, contaminate the environment. Therefore, state anti-epizootic measures and methods of monitoring infectious diseases should be updated to reflect the realities of today. To control the circulation of the ASF virus among wildlife in the Sumy region under the conditions of a ban on monitoring culling, 25 samples of swabs, feed residues and feces from the feeding grounds of three forestries were studied using Real-Time PCR. In 100 % of the samples, no African swine fever virus DNA was detected, which means a negative result. However, the probable absence of the disease within the studied forestries did not prevent the region from having three outbreaks of ASF among domestic animals during 2022, which is a significant deterioration in the epizootic situation compared to the positive case-free year of 2021. Thus, the epidemiological situation regarding African swine fever in the Sumy region remains unfavorable and requires significant attention due to a number of factors that are dangerous and atypical for peacetime and may significantly affect the spread of numerous infectious diseases.

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Ecological features of the spread ofemergency infections in the natural biocenoses of Ukraine

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Ecological Mechanisms of Sus Scrofa Population Regulation in Modern Conditions

Ecological Mechanisms of Sus Scrofa Population Regulation in Modern Conditions

The effect of military activities on the epizootic situation of ASF in the Sumy region

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