Ecological-economic assessment of ecological sanitation development in the cities of Chinese Loess Plateau

Zhou, Chuanbin; Liu, Jingru; Wang, Rusong; Yang, Wei; Jin, Jing

doi:10.1016/j.ecocom.2009.10.001

Cited by 15 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…The nutrient emissions from the air tight reactors are considered negligible (Bluteau et al, 2009). Nutrient emission rates of the organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer after farmland application are shown in Table 2 (Yan et al, 2003) 0.116 (Ju et al, 2009) N N 2 O-N Air 0.005 (Zhou et al, 2010) 0.0104 (Yan et al, 2003) N NOx-N Air 0.002 (Thibodeau et al, 2014a) 0.0034 (Liu et al, 2013) N b NO 3 --N Soil 0.0001 (Ti, 2011) 0.003 (Ju et al, 2009) N c NH 4 + -N River 0.021 (Zhao, 2009) 0.05 (Zhu, 2008…”

Section: Life Cycle Assessment and The Inventorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sanitation 2.0 is expected to sanitize urine and feces, recover nutrients for food production, and prevent environmental pollutions while minimizing the demand on other resources (Zhou et al, 2010). With the efforts and cooperations of scientists, engineers and social activists, the San-2 has obtained so abundant achievements in R&Ds and worldwide demonstrative applications (Greg, 2012;Langergraber et al, 2005;Zhou et al, 2010). However, the dictatorship of Con-San in real application market is as firm as before.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Get in sanitation 2.0 by opportunity of rural China: Scheme, simulating application and life cycle assessment

Fan

Wang

et al. 2017

Journal of Cleaner Production

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This study advances a scheme of sanitation 2 system (S2S) basing on vacuum source-separation to manage the rural waste and wastewater of Changshu, China. The advanced San-2 technology system parts the whole regional rural waste and wastewater into three parallel logistic streams, biogenic waste, other waste, and light grey water. A simulating application of S2S in a township area of Changshu is studied and evaluated by using the life cycle assessment method within the proposed framework and assumptions. Both the systems are divided into four parts: collection, treatment, termination and added processes. And the results show that San-2 has extraordinary advantages of environmental performance over conventional sanitation system (CSS), and the damage scores of the former are 27%, 54%, 27% and 37% as those of the latter with regarding the impacts on human health, ecosystem quality, climate change, and resources respectively. The environmental impact of the CSS is mainly sourced from the added processes, while that of the S2S is mainly from collection and treatment process. Sensitivity analysis shows that the ammonia emission rate and canceling biogas production are the key factor for the S2S, and the settlement population is the critical factor for the CSS. Facing the huge demands of the rural China, the S2S and the rural China are an opportunity to each other, and it is urged to setup encouraging policies for S2S to break up the dictatorship of the CSS.

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Section: Life Cycle Assessment and The Inventorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Get in sanitation 2.0 by opportunity of rural China: Scheme, simulating application and life cycle assessment

Fan

Wang

et al. 2017

Journal of Cleaner Production

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“…Many interventions have been sought in the past to address the human health and aquatic life implications associated with poor solid waste management (SWM) practices. Majority of such interventions however have failed to recognise that human health risks and threats to aquatic life associated with poor SWM practices are to a large extent moderated by unique characteristics of different urban and rural spaces where such waste is generated (Zhou et al 2010). More often, they have failed to employ multiple criteria-based evaluation models that depict complex and interrelated criteria usually associated with municipal solid waste management (MSWM) (Liao & Chiu 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More often, they have failed to employ multiple criteria-based evaluation models that depict complex and interrelated criteria usually associated with municipal solid waste management (MSWM) (Liao & Chiu 2011). Most studies on MSWM have characterised waste management as a quasi-linear process that more often than not fails to depict important SWM interrelationships that hold the key to developing effective waste management strategies (see Xu et al 2003; Zhou et al 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A hierarchical cluster-based segmentation analysis of potential solid waste management health hazards in urban Ethiopia

Gondo

2019

Jàmbá Journal of Disaster Risk Studies

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Many interventions were sought in the past to address the human health and aquatic life implications associated with poor Municipal Solid Waste Management (MSWM) practices. Majority of such interventions failed to recognise that such human health risks and threats to aquatic life are to a large extent moderated by unique characteristics of different urban and rural spaces where such waste is generated. They failed to employ multiple criteria-based evaluation models that are appropriate in depicting the complex and often interrelated criteria inherently associated with MSWM. This study used the Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) to evaluate several interdependent variables that define human health and aquatic life hazards associated with poor MSWM practices. Specifically, HCA was used to identify relative similarities among, and distances between a sample of 26 Ethiopian cities and towns in terms of MSWM health threats. Results indicated that threats to human health and aquatic life are surmountable for cities whose economies are relatively low and lacking capacity in terms of SWM infrastructure, acceptable institutional arrangements and better health-care facilities to deal with associated SWM-induced human health risks. Risk of flood waters owing to low altitude has also compounded the urban health conditions in such cities. Despite being better positioned, the analysis observed that some bigger cities still face problems in terms of effective land use planning policies, commitment towards implementing effective SWM programmes as well as the absence of water safety management plans. It concluded by proposing a number of targeted interventions seeking to improve the human health conditions of cities failing to cope with uncollected waste.

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“…Material flow analysis (MFA) or substance flow analysis (SFA) are suitable methodologies for this purpose. The application of the MFA to sanitation systems has been attempted in several studies, some of which considered sanitation systems as a part of material flows [7,8], and some of which focused mainly on sanitation system [9,10]. However these studies describe current material flows and only providing the conceptual description of possible improvements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable design of sanitation system based on material and value flow analysis for urban slum in Indonesia

Ushijima

Irie

Sintawardani

et al. 2012

Front. Environ. Sci. Eng.

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Material flow analysis (MFA) and value flow analysis (VFA) were applied to the sanitation system in an urban slum in Indonesia. Based on the results of the MFA and VFA, garbage and excreta disposal costs were evaluated to be 0.7% and 1.1%, respectively, of per capita income. Such value flows seem reasonable in light of the recognized affordability to pay (ATP) standard. However, current excreta disposal methods create negative impacts on downstream populations. Because such disadvantages do not go back to disposers, but passed to downstream, the current value flow structure does not motivate individual toilet users to install treatment facility. . Based on current material and value flow structures, a resource recycling sanitation system scenario was examined. Based on VFA, an affordable initial cost for such a system was calculated; this was found to be comparable in price to a cheaper composting toilet that is currently available in the market.

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Ecological-economic assessment of ecological sanitation development in the cities of Chinese Loess Plateau

Cited by 15 publications

References 15 publications

Get in sanitation 2.0 by opportunity of rural China: Scheme, simulating application and life cycle assessment

Get in sanitation 2.0 by opportunity of rural China: Scheme, simulating application and life cycle assessment

A hierarchical cluster-based segmentation analysis of potential solid waste management health hazards in urban Ethiopia

Sustainable design of sanitation system based on material and value flow analysis for urban slum in Indonesia

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