Ecological differentiation of diploid and polyploid cytotypes of<i>Senecio carniolicus sensu lato</i>(Asteraceae) is stronger in areas of sympatry

Sonnleitner, Michaela; Hülber, Karl; Flatscher, Ruth; García, Pedro Escobar; Winkler, Manuela; Suda, Jan; Schönswetter, Peter; Schneeweiss, Gerald M.

doi:10.1093/aob/mcv176

Cited by 32 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 49 publications

(76 reference statements)

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“…Niche displacement might act independently in each region to prevent low‐fitness mating between the coexisting cytotypes by more pronounced (and random) shifts in their ecological niches. While niche displacement was indeed repeatedly documented in diploid–polyploid contact zones in plants (Felber‐Girard, Felber, & Buttler, ; Sonnleitner et al, ; Ståhlberg, ), this scenario can be ruled out in T . inodorum as there were no obvious ecological limits to ploidy coexistence in any of the three regions (Figure b).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Habitat segregation of cytotypes was repeatedly reported and interpreted either as a mechanism allowing the establishment of young polyploid derivatives in populations of their lower-ploid progenitors (Lumaret et al, 1987;Ramsey, 2011) or as a way of facilitating the coexistence of already established cytotypes encountering each other in secondary contact zones (e.g. Laport, Hatem, Minckley, & Ramsey, 2013;Manzaneda et al, 2012;Sonnleitner et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Climatic conditions and human activities shape diploid–tetraploid coexistence at different spatial scales in the common weed Tripleurospermum inodorum (Asteraceae)

Čertner

Kúr

Kolář

et al. 2019

Journal of Biogeography

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Aim While environmental conditions are reported as important determinants of cytotype distribution patterns in some mixed‐ploidy plant species, in others they seem to play no role. One reason for such inconsistency might be how and at what spatial scale the ecology of different cytotypes is compared. To address this issue, we adopted several complementary approaches to assess ecological requirements of cytotypes in a single species across wide‐range of spatial scales. Location Europe. Taxon Tripleurospermum inodorum (Asteraceae). Methods WorldClim extracted data were used for comparing climatic niches of T. inodorum diploids and tetraploids at continental and subcontinental scales and for predicting climatic suitability of habitats in Europe. Within the contact zone of cytotypes, at the regional scale, ecological preferences of cytotypes were assessed independently in three regions. Habitat types and ecological indicators inferred from species composition of vegetation in both uniform‐ploidy and mixed‐ploidy populations were used for ecological niche reconstructions. Results The two cytotypes differed in their climatic niches. However, due to considerable niche overlap, diploids and tetraploids were predicted to co‐occur in an extensive contact zone in Europe. Within the contact zone, cytotypes had identical ecological preferences but varied in their frequency at particular habitat types. The ecological niches of mixed‐ploidy and uniform‐ploidy populations were undistinguishable. Main conclusions Cytotype distribution patterns may be shaped by multiple environmental forces, each operating at a different spatial scale. In T. inodorum, climate is an important driver of cytotype distribution patterns at continental scale, however, at finer scales within the contact zone, the founder effect and non‐random migration patterns caused by human activities seem to be more important than environmental heterogeneity. The use of independent replicates and/or across‐scale comparisons can significantly improve the performance of ecological niche assessments.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climatic conditions and human activities shape diploid–tetraploid coexistence at different spatial scales in the common weed Tripleurospermum inodorum (Asteraceae)

Čertner

Kúr

Kolář

et al. 2019

Journal of Biogeography

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“…; Sonnleitner et al. ) can also shape patterns of co‐existence at fine spatial scales. Our current dataset cannot address these alternative hypotheses directly; however, it highlights how findings from detailed case studies can generate deeper hypotheses about how evolutionary or ecological processes structure biodiversity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproductive isolation and the maintenance of species boundaries in two serpentine endemic Jewelflowers

Christie

Strauss

2019

Evolution

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Speciation occurs when reproductive barriers substantially reduce gene flow between lineages. Understanding how specific barriers contribute to reproductive isolation offers insight into the initial forces driving divergence and the evolutionary and ecological processes responsible for maintaining diversity. Here, we quantified multiple pre‐ and post‐pollination isolating barriers in a pair of closely related California Jewelflowers (Streptanthus, Brassicaceae) living in an area of sympatry. S. breweri and S. hesperidis are restricted to similar serpentine habitats; however, populations are spatially isolated at fine‐scales and rarely co‐occur in intermixed stands. Several intrinsic postzygotic barriers were among the strongest we quantified, yet, postzygotic barriers currently contribute little to overall reproductive isolation due to the cumulative strength of earlier‐acting extrinsic barriers, including spatial isolation, and flowering time and pollinator differences. Data from multiple years suggest that pre‐pollination barriers may have different strengths depending on annual environmental conditions. Similarly, crossing data suggest that the strength of intrinsic isolation may vary among different population pairs. Estimates of total reproductive isolation in S. breweri and S. hesperidis are robust to uncertainty and variability in individual barrier strength estimates, demonstrating how multiple barriers can act redundantly to prevent gene flow between close relatives living in sympatry.

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“…presumed broader ecological tolerances of polyploids remains controversial, and support for the opposite pattern is accumulating (Stebbins and Dawe, 1987;Petit and Thompson, 1999;Martin and Husband, 2009;Theodoridis et al, 2013;Glennon et al, 2014;Sonnleitner et al, 2016). In the current study, we found mixed evidence for the two alternatives above, because the climatic niche of Pm12x was significantly wider than that of Pa6x, but narrower than that of Pm6x (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 45%

“…However, the role of niche shift in polyploid establishment and persistence continues to be the subject of active debate. Divergence of habitat preferences between related diploid and polyploid taxa was detected in several studies (Parisod et al, 2010;Glennon et al, 2012;Manzaneda et al, 2012;McIntyre, 2012;Kol a r et al, 2013;Sonnleitner et al, 2016), including in Primula sect. Aleuritia (Theodoridis et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Do floral and niche shifts favour the establishment and persistence of newly arisen polyploids? A case study in an Alpine primrose

Casazza

Boucher

Minuto

et al. 2016

Ann Bot

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Background and Aims Polyploidization plays a key role in plant evolution. Despite the generally accepted 'minority-cytotype exclusion' theory, the specific mechanisms leading to successful establishment and persistence of new polyploids remain controversial. The majority of newly formed polyploids do not become established, because they are less common, have fewer potential mates or may not be able to compete successfully with co-occurring progenitors at lower ploidy levels. Changes in floral traits and ecological niches have been proposed as important mechanisms to overcome this initial frequency-dependent disadvantage. The aim of this study was to determine whether dodecaploids of the heterostylous P. marginata differ from their hexaploid progenitors in P. marginata and P. allionii for selected floral traits and ecological preferences that might be involved in establishment and persistence, providing a possible explanation for the origin of polyploidized populations.Methods Floral morphological traits and ecological niche preferences among dodecaploids and their hexaploid progenitors in P. marginata and P. allionii, all restricted to the south-western Alps, were quantified and compared Key Results Differences in floral traits were detected between dodecaploids and their closest relatives, but such differences might be too weak to counter the strength of minority cytotype disadvantage and are unlikely to enable the coexistence of different cytotypes. Furthermore, the results suggest the preservation of full distyly and no transition to selfing in dodecaploids. Finally, dodecaploids occur almost exclusively in environments that are predicted to be suitable also for their closest hexaploid relatives.Conclusions In light of the results, P. marginata dodecaploids have probably been able to establish and persist by occupying geographical areas not yet filled by their closest relatives without significant evolution in their climatic and pollination niches. Dispersal limitation and minority-cytotype exclusion probably maintain their current range disjunct from those of its close relatives.

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Ecological differentiation of diploid and polyploid cytotypes ofSenecio carniolicus sensu lato(Asteraceae) is stronger in areas of sympatry

Cited by 32 publications

References 49 publications

Climatic conditions and human activities shape diploid–tetraploid coexistence at different spatial scales in the common weed Tripleurospermum inodorum (Asteraceae)

Climatic conditions and human activities shape diploid–tetraploid coexistence at different spatial scales in the common weed Tripleurospermum inodorum (Asteraceae)

Reproductive isolation and the maintenance of species boundaries in two serpentine endemic Jewelflowers

Do floral and niche shifts favour the establishment and persistence of newly arisen polyploids? A case study in an Alpine primrose

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