Ecological differentiation of Carex species coexisting in a wet meadow: Comparison of pot and field experiments

Tammaru, Keily; Košnar, Jan; Abbas, Amira Fatime; Barta, Karola Anna; Bello, Francesco de; Harrison, Stefan; Degli, Emilia Innocenti; Kiss, Réka; Lukács, Katalin; Neumann, Szilvia Márta; Wagia, Hayden; Puy, Javier; Lepš, Jan

doi:10.1016/j.actao.2020.103692

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 35 publications

(48 reference statements)

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“…It remains to be elucidated whether the intra-specific differences in Carex from different origins have an adaptive value. Intra-specific, genetically fixed clonal growth differences might lead to niche partitioning, as proposed for clonal growth differences between Carex species (Tammaru et al 2021). This could then lead to formation of ecotypes, i.e., genetically fixed geographic varieties, which occur in other Carex species (Chapin and Chapin 1981;Chapin III and Oechel, 1983;Choler and Michalet 2002;Hájková et al 2008).…”

Section: Biomass Production In Carex Depends On Nutrient Level and Ge...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Response Patterns of Fen Sedges to a Nutrient Gradient Indicate both Geographic Origin-Specific Genotypic Differences and Phenotypic Plasticity

et al. 2022

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In wet peatlands, plant growth conditions are largely determined by local soil conditions, leading to locally adapted vegetation. Despite that Carex species are often the prevailing vascular plant species in fen peatlands of the temperate zone, information about how these species adapt to local environmental conditions is scarce. This holds true especially for below-ground plant traits and for adaptations to fen-typical nutrient level variations. To address this research gap, we investigated how different geographic origins (Germany, Poland, The Netherlands) of C. acutiformis and C. rostrata relate to their response to varying nutrient availability. We performed a common garden experiment with a controlled gradient of nutrient levels, and analyzed above- and below-ground biomass production of both Carex species from the different geographic origins. We related these traits to environmental conditions of the origins as characterized by vegetation composition-derived indicator values for ecological habitat conditions. While we detected high above-ground phenotypic plasticity of Carex from different origins, our data point to below-ground genotypic differences, potentially indicating local adaptation: Rhizome traits of C. rostrata differed significantly between origins with different nutrient indicator values. These results point towards differences in C. rostrata clonal spread behavior depending on local peatland conditions. Therefore, local adaptations of plant species and below-ground biomass traits should be taken into account when studying peatland vegetation ecology, as key functional traits can differ between genotypes within a single species depending on local conditions.

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Section: Biomass Production In Carex Depends On Nutrient Level and Ge...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Response Patterns of Fen Sedges to a Nutrient Gradient Indicate both Geographic Origin-Specific Genotypic Differences and Phenotypic Plasticity

et al. 2022

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Closely related species differ in their traits, but competition induces high intra‐specific variability

Janíková,

Konečná,

Lisner

et al. 2024

Ecology and Evolution

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Theories explaining community assembly assume that biotic and abiotic filters sort species into communities based on the values of their traits and are thus based on between‐species trait variability (BTV). Nevertheless, these filters act on individuals rather than on species. Consequently, the selection is also influenced by intraspecific trait variability (ITV) and its drivers. These drivers may be abiotic (e.g., water availability) or biotic (e.g., competition). Although closely related species should have similar traits, many of them coexist. We investigated the relative magnitudes of BTV and ITV in coexisting closely related species and how their individual traits differ under different drivers of ITV. We manipulated conditions in a greenhouse pot experiment with four common Carex species, where individuals of each species originated from four source localities. Individuals were grown in factorial combinations of two moisture levels, with and without a competitor (grass species Holcus lanatus, a frequent competitor). We analyzed the variability of six morphological traits on individuals in the greenhouse and three morphological traits in the source localities. Species identity was the main determinant of differences in most traits. Competition exerted a greater effect than water availability. For leaf dry matter content (LDMC) and vegetative height, competition's effect even exceeded the variability among species. On the contrary, for specific leaf area (SLA) and clonal spread, the interspecific differences exceeded ITV induced by experimental treatments. SLA measured in the greenhouse closely correlated with values measured in field populations, while LDMC did not. The variability caused by source locality of ramets in the greenhouse was small, although sometimes significant. Closely related species differ in their traits, but for some traits, ITV can exceed BTV. We can expect that ITV can modify the processes of community assembly, particularly among coexisting closely related species.

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Microplastics positively mediate soil multifunctionality in dryland

Wang,

Zhao,

Siddique

et al. 2024

Resources, Conservation and Recycling

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Ecological differentiation of Carex species coexisting in a wet meadow: Comparison of pot and field experiments

Cited by 5 publications

References 35 publications

Response Patterns of Fen Sedges to a Nutrient Gradient Indicate both Geographic Origin-Specific Genotypic Differences and Phenotypic Plasticity

Response Patterns of Fen Sedges to a Nutrient Gradient Indicate both Geographic Origin-Specific Genotypic Differences and Phenotypic Plasticity

Closely related species differ in their traits, but competition induces high intra‐specific variability

Microplastics positively mediate soil multifunctionality in dryland

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