Ecological Concerns of Migratory Birds in Pakistan: A Review

Abstract

prolific habitat for water birds arriving from the Siberia (The Dawn, 2016). Pakistan is included in the list of countries which harbor > 400 of migratory birds (UNEP, 2014) annually that take an exhaustive and perilous journey of about 4500 km. The itinerary of these birds that lasts for 4-5 months in Pakistan is facilitated by wetlands and Ramsar sites located along the Indus basin providing them habitat and food requirements. These birds enter into Pakistan from September-November via Indus flyway over the Karakorum and the Suleiman mountain ranges then entering to the delta of Indus River near the Arabian Sea and stay till February -March and finally returning to their breeding habitats (Sheikh and Kashif, 2006).

Evaluation of economic loss caused by Indian crested porcupine (Hystrix indica) in agricultural land of district Muzaffarabad, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan

“…The district lies at N 34° 20. 755 and E 73° 27.923 between the elevation of 737 m and 1103 m above sea level, covering an area of 1642 km 2 (Umar et al, 2018). The district has a population of 650,370 people per census 2017 (The Nation, 2017).…”

“…The maximum temperature is 45°C, and the minimum is below 0°C. Snow falls on mountains and sometimes in the city also (Mahlstein et al, 2013;Umar et al, 2018).…”

To Assess the Diversity and Abundance of Seasonal Migratory Waterbirds at Chashma Lake, Pakistan

“…It serves as a crossroads for various migratory species, connecting them to the West and East flying pathways of Asia and Africa, respectively. The Indus Flyway, which stretches from the Karakoram to the Indus delta (in the south) and provides appealing stopovers for migratory birds (Umar et al, 2018), is also known as the International Migratory Bird Route Number 4 (The Green Route). Every year, tens of hundreds of waterfowls come to Pakistan this route.…”

“…By these marshes, these birds spend about 4-5 months in Pakistan. These birds arrive in Pakistan from September to November via the Indus flyway, passing via the Karakorum and Suleiman mountain ranges on their way to the Indus River delta near the Arabian Sea, where they stay until February or March before returning to their breeding grounds (Umar et al, 2018).…”

Synthesis, Biological Evaluation and Molecular Modeling Studies of Propargyl‐Containing 2,4,6‐Trisubstituted Pyrimidine Derivatives as Potential Anti‐Parkinson Agents

“….09, 159.80, 138.30, 137.69, 130.70, 130.58, 128.80, 128.47, 128.44, 127.27, 115.21, 109.53, 78.20, 75.94, 55.93 ppm;H RMS: m/z:c alcd for C25 H 18 N 2 O: 363.1497 [M + H] + ;found:3 63.1476. MVB-5):Y ellow solid.…”