Ecological aspects of cattle tick control in central Zambia

Pegram, R. G.; Lemche, J.; Chizyuka, H. G. B.; Sutherst, R. W.; Floyd, R. B.; Kerr, J. D.; McCosker, Philip

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2915.1989.tb00233.x

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 6 publications

(3 reference statements)

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“…The present observation (survey) supports the previous findings [11][12][13][14]. A. cohaerens was the most abundant in western, Ethiopia, where the climate is humid for much of the year it is the most abundant tick on cattle [15]. It also predominates in areas of broad leaved forest [12].…”

Section: These Are Amblyomma Cohaerens Amblyomma Variegatum Boophilsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The A. variegatum distribution is similar to that of Boophilus decoloratus and it is more wide spread throughout the western zone but less abundant than Amblyomma cohaerens [11,12]. It is also the most widely distributed cattle tick in Ethiopia, but its abundance varies greatly [15]. In the present survey Amblyomma variegatum was increase or collected more than Boophilus decoloratus.…”

Section: These Are Amblyomma Cohaerens Amblyomma Variegatum Boophilmentioning

confidence: 49%

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Tick Prevalence and Associated Udder Damage and Mastitis on Cattle in Jimma Town, Southwestern Ethiopia

Meskela¹,

Gashaw²

2017

J Vet Sci Technol

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A cross-sectional survey was conducted to determine tick prevalence and their association with mastitis on 390 cattle at three communal grazing sites and two dairy farms from October 2008 to April 2009 in Jimma town. Ticks were collected from half body parts and udder and teats were examined on lactating cows and heifers to identify tick lesions and mastitis. Of total 3015 ticks in number collected, 3 genera and 5 species of ticks had been identified: Amblyomma cohaerens (44.94%), Amblyomma variegatum (31.11%), Boophilus decoloratus (18.97%), Rhipicephalus evertsi evertsi (3.08%) and Amblyomma gemma (1.9%). There was a significant variation with predilection site of tick species. A. variegatum, A. gemma and R. evertsi evertsi had a significance variation with age of the animal. B. decoloratus and R. evertsi evertsi had significance variation with breed of cattle. Udder, Brisket and Perineum were the predominant predilection sites for the tick species collected. R. evertsi evertsi was the only species prefer Ano-vulva region. Result on the immature ticks (larvae and nymphs) shows that, 63.47% Amblyomma, 35.75% Boophilus and 0.77% Rhipicephalus genera. Neck, Dewlap, Udder and Perineum were the main predilection sites of ticks on which the immature ticks were collected. Although (123) 31.6% of the sampled cattle had some degree of udder and teat damage, out of those cows and heifers with udder and teat damage (30) 24.39% was positive for mastitis. The tick species found on cattle with udder and teat damage were Amblyomma cohaerens (46.51%), Amblyomma variegatum (40.62%), Boophilus decoloratus (11.88%) and Amblyomma gemma (0.99%). There was a significance variation between study sites and breed of cattle on animals with mastitis. Tick infestations associated udder lesions, and mastitis is major problems in cattle and deserves further attention owning to their potential impact on milk production affecting food security.

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Section: These Are Amblyomma Cohaerens Amblyomma Variegatum Boophilsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: These Are Amblyomma Cohaerens Amblyomma Variegatum Boophilmentioning

confidence: 49%

Tick Prevalence and Associated Udder Damage and Mastitis on Cattle in Jimma Town, Southwestern Ethiopia

Meskela¹,

Gashaw²

2017

J Vet Sci Technol

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“…The ticks, Amblyomma hebraeum and especially A. variegatum are the main vectors of heartwater in the agricultural areas of Zambia. The distribution patterns of both species in Zambia display anomalous features: the ticks occur in areas where the predicted climatic suitability for survival and development, as well as the densities of cattle (the most important domestic host) are, the lowest [81,84,85]. The only factor favoring the survival of the species in the areas in which they occur in Zambia is the presence of alternative wildlife hosts for the adult stage [80,86,88].…”

Section: Parasites and Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…No single method is likely adequate to control the complex problem of these and other TBD in Africa and elsewhere [73,112]. However, the current Zambian approach is new, based on integrated strategies that encompass the following: selection of disease and tick resistant cattle [98,99]; exploitation of enzootic stability; use of acaricides only when economically justified in relation to the direct effects of ticks on livestock production [10,19,38,51,84,85]. The major problems that affect chemotherapy as a control strategy are the difficulties encountered in the early diagnosis of the disease when chemotherapy is most likely to be active, and the high cost of the drugs, which the majority of traditional farmers cannot afford.…”

Section: Chemotherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

The current status of major tick borne diseases in Zambia

Makala

Mangani²,

Fujisaki

et al. 2003

Vet. Res.

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-Tick-borne diseases occurring in Zambia are assuming more importance as they continue to be a major economic problem not only in Zambia, but in many parts of Eastern, Southern and Central Africa. The current control methods, which include the use of toxic acaricides to kill ticks, and the virulent sporozoite infection and treatment method have limitations. Recombinant vaccines, currently in their experimental stages, offer hope for the future. The use of acaricides is hampered by the development of acaricide resistance and live vaccines are dependent on cold chain facilities, which are a formidable obstacle in the poorly developed infrastructure in parts of Zambia where the vaccine is most needed. Amidst these drawbacks are the results of the recent research on parasites and vector recombinant vaccines which promise to circumvent these problems. The history, current status and attitudes regarding the control of these diseases, taking into account their complexity, are reviewed. The establishment of the well-designed Central Veterinary Research Institute (CVRI) and Japanese International Cooperation Agency (JICA) sponsored veterinary school, both have a potential for high quality research, with access to a wealth of specimens a veritable goldmine of research material. It is thus hoped that this review will stimulate the desire to maximize the value of the tick and tick-borne disease research in both Zambia and the international research community.

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“…Rhipicephalus is also predominant genera and has been reported in different parts of the country (Pawlos Wasihun and Derese Doda, 2013;Tsegaye Ayalew et al, 2014). The most economically important and widely distributed tick species are Amblyomma variegatum and Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) decloratus (Pegram et al, 2004). Very limited information on ixodid ticks infesting cattle exists in the study area.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and infestation load of ixodid ticks of cattle in Dassenech District, Southern Ethiopia

Kemal¹,

Abera²

2017

Ethiop. Vet. J.

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Ticks are harmful blood sucking external parasites of livestock that are distributed in all agro-ecological zones in Ethiopia. A cross sectional study was conducted to identify major tick genera, prevalence and assess tick infestation load on cattle in Dassenech district, southern Ethiopia from October 2014 to June 2015. A total of 384 animals were sampled using random sampling technique. Ticks were collected from different sites including the ear, neck dewlap, abdomen, anus, hip udder, scrotum and base of tail. Of the total examined animals, 72.1% (n=277/384) tick infestation prevalence was recorded. Rhipicephalus/Boophilus was the most abundant tick genera (84.64%) among the three identified tick genera in the district followed by Amblyomma. There was no statistically significant difference in prevalence of tick infestation among male and female animals (χ 2 =1.61; p=0.205) as well as age group (χ 2 =1.30; p=0.254). Animals with poor body condition score had significantly higher tick prevalence (89.47%) than medium (77.48%) and good body condition score (48.74%) animals (χ 2 =51.6; p=0.001). This finding indicated that there is high prevalence of tick infestation in the area which alarms for further detailed investigation and designing efficient method of tick control in the study area.

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Ecological aspects of cattle tick control in central Zambia

Cited by 19 publications

References 6 publications

Tick Prevalence and Associated Udder Damage and Mastitis on Cattle in Jimma Town, Southwestern Ethiopia

Tick Prevalence and Associated Udder Damage and Mastitis on Cattle in Jimma Town, Southwestern Ethiopia

The current status of major tick borne diseases in Zambia

Prevalence and infestation load of ixodid ticks of cattle in Dassenech District, Southern Ethiopia

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