Ecological and commercial implications of temporal and spatial variability in the composition of pigments and fatty acids in five Irish macroalgae

Domesticated Populations of Codium tomentosum Display Lipid Extracts with Lower Seasonal Shifts than Conspecifics from the Wild—Relevance for Biotechnological Applications of this Green Seaweed

“…The lower levels of PUFA are associated with a decrease of proton leakage, which reduces metabolic costs [39]. In this sense, according to the literature, under low light conditions it is expected that an increase of PUFA, such as 16:3 n-3 and 18:3 n-3, is associated with galactolipids to increase fluidity and activity of thylakoid membranes [15,28,40]. Furthermore, several authors have suggested a connection between certain fatty acids, such as 18:4 n-3 (SDA) and 20:5 n-3 (EPA), and Chl a, suggesting that under low light conditions the increase of this photosynthetic pigment is accompanied by accumulation of these fatty acids [28,41,42].…”

“…For an evaluation of the radical stability, a volume of 150 µL of ethanol was added to 15 microplate wells followed by addition of 150 µL of ABTS •+ diluted solution and an incubation period of 120 min, with absorbance measured at 734 nm every 5 min. For an evaluation of the radical scavenging potential, a volume of 150 µL of lipid extract (50,100,200, and 500 µg mL −1 in ethanol) and 150 µL of Trolox standard solution (4,8,16,28,40, and 56 µmol L −1 in ethanol) were placed in each well followed by addition of 150 µL of ABTS •+ diluted solution, and a new incubation period of 120 min, with absorbance measurements at 734 nm every 5 min. The control lipid extracts were also assayed by replacing 150 µL of ABTS •+ diluted solution by 150 µL of ethanol.…”

The Unique Lipidomic Signatures of Saccharina latissima Can Be Used to Pinpoint Their Geographic Origin

“…Therefore, different geographical locations, necessarily implying different growth conditions, may represent different environmental challenges to seaweeds which might significantly impact macroalgae composition. Sampling location has already been proven to impact macroalgae composition [39,40] in terms of fatty acids, an effect described as being as pronounced as that of seasonal changes [40].…”

Antioxidant content and activity of the seaweed Saccharina latissima: a seasonal perspective

“…Seaweeds present marked seasonal variations in their composition of, e.g., proteins and lipids, (e.g., Marinho et al 2015a, b) which may also be the case for antioxidants and this needs to be taken into consideration when evaluating their potential as a source of antioxidant compounds and their antioxidant capacity. A seasonal pattern in the concentration of pigments, with generally lower concentrations in summer and higher concentrations in winter, has been reported for a number of seaweed species and linked to changes in light availability and nutrient concentrations in the seawater (Stengel and Dring 1998;Schmid et al 2017). Increased fucoxanthin content is usually associated with increased lightharvesting efficiency, an adaptation to low-light conditions such as depth or selfshading (Ramus et al 1977;Fortes and Lüning 1980).…”