Ecological analysis of ethnic differences in relation between tuberculosis and poverty

Ji, Hawker; Ss, Bakhshi; S, Ali; Cp, Farrington

doi:10.1136/bmj.319.7216.1031

Cited by 63 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…In a recent study in Canada, Clark et al (2002)observed that tuberculosis incidence was higher in communities with a higher average housing density. Overcrowding housing conditions are known to increase exposure of susceptible people to those with infectious respiratory disease, and may increase the probability of transmission (Hawker et al, 1999;Tornee et al, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge and healthcare seeking behaviour of pulmonary tuberculosis patients attending Ilala district Hospital, Tanzania

Irani¹,

Kabalimu²,

Kasesela³

2008

Tanzania J Hlth Res

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Abstract:A cross-sectional study was conducted, based on systematic sampling of consecutive patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) symptoms and who attended the TB clinic for their medication at Ilala District Hospital, Tanzania. The study sample comprised of 153 people who were almost equally distributed among men and women. Three quarters (75%) of the subjects were vaccinated against TB with the majority being 40 years and younger. Half the study subjects were diagnosed to have TB between the 2 nd and 4 th month after their symptoms appeared. A chest X-ray was used to initiate anti-TB therapy in half the subjects. No consistency was followed in the diagnostic procedures done to confirm the diagnosis. Over half the patients (54.3%) admitted that they openly speak about their illness to others but that only one-third (33.3%) of their friends and family responded in a considerate and sympathetic manner. One-third (36.6%) of the friends and relatives became less friendly and the remaining one-third openly portrayed fear and tried to discriminate the patient even after the commencement of medications. The patients' compliance rate was 100%. The counselling received from the health personnel and the patients' own motivations to improve their health, was the main driving force in seeking treatment and taking daily medication. Discrimination against TB patients by relatives and friends is likely to hinder positive health seeking behaviour and thus impede control of this disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge and healthcare seeking behaviour of pulmonary tuberculosis patients attending Ilala district Hospital, Tanzania

Irani¹,

Kabalimu²,

Kasesela³

2008

Tanzania J Hlth Res

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“…Progression rates to active-TB (the infectious disease stage) are not uniform and show a strong correlation with the average community standard of living (Bloch et al 1989, Felton and Ford 1993, Mangtani et al 1995, Hawker et al 1999. Prior and throughout the nineteenth century, tuberculosis was one of the main causes of mortality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Markers of Disease Evolution: The Case of Tuberculosis

Aparicio

Capurro

Castillo‐Chavez

2002

Journal of Theoretical Biology

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Abrupt changes in environmental conditions -broadly understood to include demographic and social dynamics -can seriously impact the local or global dynamics of a population. These changes may occur over relatively short evolutionary time scales. In this note, we illustrate the potential impact of such shifts on the evolution ofvirulence in tuberculosis.Markers of disease evolution: the case of tuberculosis. AbstractAbrupt changes in environmental conditions-broadly understood to include demographic and social dynamics-can seriously impact the local or global dynamics of a population. These changes may occur over relatively short evolutionary time scales. In this note, we illustrate the potential impact of such shifts on the evolution of virulence in tuberculosis.

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“…TB is no longer limited to under-developed nations and people from lower socioeconomic groups. This resurgence of TB could possibly be due to the increased migration and globalization, overcrowding and a corporate culture, immunosuppression especially in the form of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis virus infection [5][6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Update on Tubercular Uveitis

Agarwal¹,

Shrivastav²

2017

J Clin Exp Ophthalmol

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Tuberculosis (TB) is an important cause of infectious uveitis causing significant morbidity and mortality especially in endemic countries. Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTb) may infect any tissue or organ in the body, lungs being the most commonly affected. Ocular TB occurs due to hematogenous dissemination of MTb or due to a hypersensitivity reaction to the bacteria. It may lead to a very severe inflammation and destruction of ocular tissues leading to an irreversible loss of vision. Infection of the eye by MTb most commonly involves the uveal tissue causing anterior, intermediate, and posterior or panuveitis.Awareness of the varied clinical manifestations is important to suspect the ocular TB which may often be difficult to confirm by diagnostic tests available. A timely diagnosis and management may help in preventing severe loss of vision and the eye.

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Ecological analysis of ethnic differences in relation between tuberculosis and poverty

Abstract: Objective To examine the effect of ethnicity on the relation between tuberculosis and deprivation.

Cited by 63 publications

References 17 publications

Knowledge and healthcare seeking behaviour of pulmonary tuberculosis patients attending Ilala district Hospital, Tanzania

Knowledge and healthcare seeking behaviour of pulmonary tuberculosis patients attending Ilala district Hospital, Tanzania

Markers of Disease Evolution: The Case of Tuberculosis

An Update on Tubercular Uveitis

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