Eco-Sustainability of the Textile Production: Waste Recovery and Current Recycling in the Composites World

Patti, Antonella; Cicala, Gianluca; Acierno, Domenico

doi:10.3390/polym13010134

Cited by 127 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…The recycling of residual polymers is carried out by different methods depending on the nature of the components and the application of the products obtained [19][20][21], the most common, as evidenced in Table 1, are as follows: i. mechanical recycling through crushing and/or grinding of polymers to reduce size-this is the most appropriate, with the least limitations and effect on the environment; ii. chemical recycling converts polymers into useful monomers in the petrochemical industry through solvolysis and hydrolysis; iii.…”

Section: Recycling Of Residual Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recycling of Residual Polymers Reinforced with Natural Fibers as a Sustainable Alternative: A Review

2021

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The latest advances in green alternatives are being addressed with bio-based solutions, with uses and applications in new areas due to their wide potential, low cost, lightness, renewability, biodegradability, impact toughness, fatigue resistance, and other specific properties. Natural fibers are sustainable materials that have led researchers to test their viability as alternative reinforcements in residual polymers to meet required engineering specifications; therefore, it is essential to continue making progress in replacing conventional materials. This review is expected to provide an overview of the current scopes and future prospects of biocomposites from polymers reinforced with natural fibers with a focus on the following: i. recycling of residual polymers; ii. available natural fibers and their components in the context of engineering applications; iii. the behavior of the structural modifications of the natural fibers with the physical and chemical treatments in the matrix interaction as reinforcements of the residual polymers; and iv. applications for the development of innovative, efficient, and sustainable solutions for successful, environmentally responsible products.

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Section: Recycling Of Residual Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recycling of Residual Polymers Reinforced with Natural Fibers as a Sustainable Alternative: A Review

2021

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“…Over the past decades, environmentalists have devoted more and more effort to the impact of chemical and industrial processes and, as a consequence, in a number of countries, governments have promoted rules and laws to protect the quality of the environment for the future [ 4 ]. In this context, chemical industries have been pushed to adopt non-polluting chemical processes and materials, reduce the use of hazard chemicals, efficiently use raw materials, and reduce emissions and wastes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rotational Rheology of Wood Flour Composites Based on Recycled Polyethylene

2021

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In this paper, we study the effect of the addition of wood flour as a filler in a recycled polyethylene (r-PE) in view of its potential applications in 3D printing. The composites, prepared by melt mixing, are characterized with torque measurements performed during the compounding, dynamic rotational rheology, and infrared spectroscopy. Data show that the introduction of wood results in increased viscosity and in sensible viscous heating during the compounding. The r-PE appear to be stable at temperatures up to 180 °C while at higher temperatures the material shows a rheological response characterized by time-increasing viscoelastic moduli that suggests a thermal degradation governed by crosslinking reactions. The compounds (with wood loading up to 50% in wt.) also shows thermal stability at temperatures up to 180 °C. The viscoelastic behavior and the infrared spectra of the r-PE matrix suggests the presence of branches in the macromolecular structure due to the process. Although the addition of wood particles determines increased viscoelastic moduli, a solid-like viscoelastic response is not shown even for the highest wood concentrations. This behavior, due to a poor compatibility and weak interfacial adhesion between the two phases, is however promising in view of common processing technologies as extrusion or injection molding.

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“…There is a need to move away from non-degradable synthetic materials not only in the synthesis of microcapsules, but especially in the production of textile substrates, which contribute to the accumulation of solid waste, and to microplastic pollution of habitats via textile laundering wastewater [202,203]. However, it should be highlighted that the cultivation of cellulosic fibres for cotton, on the other hand, requires large amounts of water for plant growth, with intensive use of fertilisers, pesticides and defoliants, all of which pose environmental challenges [204].…”

Section: Opportunities For Further Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microencapsulation for Functional Textile Coatings with Emphasis on Biodegradability—A Systematic Review

2021

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The review provides an overview of research findings on microencapsulation for functional textile coatings. Methods for the preparation of microcapsules in textiles include in situ and interfacial polymerization, simple and complex coacervation, molecular inclusion and solvent evaporation from emulsions. Binders play a crucial role in coating formulations. Acrylic and polyurethane binders are commonly used in textile finishing, while organic acids and catalysts can be used for chemical grafting as crosslinkers between microcapsules and cotton fibres. Most of the conventional coating processes can be used for microcapsule-containing coatings, provided that the properties of the microcapsules are appropriate. There are standardised test methods available to evaluate the characteristics and washfastness of coated textiles. Among the functional textiles, the field of environmentally friendly biodegradable textiles with microcapsules is still at an early stage of development. So far, some physicochemical and physical microencapsulation methods using natural polymers or biodegradable synthetic polymers have been applied to produce environmentally friendly antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory or fragranced textiles. Standardised test methods for evaluating the biodegradability of textile materials are available. The stability of biodegradable microcapsules and the durability of coatings during the use and care of textiles still present several challenges that offer many opportunities for further research.

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Eco-Sustainability of the Textile Production: Waste Recovery and Current Recycling in the Composites World

Cited by 127 publications

References 81 publications

Recycling of Residual Polymers Reinforced with Natural Fibers as a Sustainable Alternative: A Review

Recycling of Residual Polymers Reinforced with Natural Fibers as a Sustainable Alternative: A Review

Rotational Rheology of Wood Flour Composites Based on Recycled Polyethylene

Microencapsulation for Functional Textile Coatings with Emphasis on Biodegradability—A Systematic Review

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