Eco-physiological performance of two invasive weed congeners (Ageratum conyzoides L. and Ageratum houstonianum Mill.) in the Indo-Gangetic plains of India

Singh, Vaibhav K.; Singh, H. K.; Sharma, Gyan Prakash; Raghubanshi, A. S.

doi:10.1007/s10661-010-1700-4

Cited by 20 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 46 publications

(47 reference statements)

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“…The photosynthetic rate of herbicide-treated A. conyzoides decreased due to the inhibition of protoporphyrinogen oxidase enzyme 38 , 39 as compared to the healthy weed having a photosynthetic rate of 13.2 μmol carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) m –2 s and leaf nitrogen content (2.3%) of 1.28 mg g –1 fresh weight chlorophyll. 48 Weed mortality percentage (80.33%) recorded in polymer–herbicide conjugate gel formulation dispersed @ 20 g a.i. ha –1 on A. conyzoides was significantly higher than that of weeds treated with herbicide-treated weeds (69.46%) @ 20 g a.i.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient Herbicide Delivery through a Conjugate Gel Formulation for the Mortality of Broad Leaf Weeds

et al. 2022

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Carfentrazone-ethyl is embedded in guar gum to prepare a polymer–herbicide conjugate gel formulation for a sustained release of the active ingredient (a.i.). The sprayable gel formulation was optimized at 0.5% (w/v) concentration. Strong interactions of the prepared composition of the polymer–herbicide conjugate system are shown through spectroscopic techniques, depicting the peak broadening of hydrophilic −OH bonds in the herbicide at 1743 cm –1 , shifting to 1730 cm –1 in the polymer–herbicide sample. There is a broadening and shifting of the peak at 329 nm for the n → π* transition at 335 nm in the polymer–herbicide conjugate system in UV spectra. Differential scanning calorimetric measurements show a lowering of endothermic melting peaks to 242 and 303 °C in the polymer–herbicide conjugate. X-ray diffraction studies showed a sharp diffraction peak of the pure polymer at a 2θ of ∼20.3°, while broadening and shifting of the peak position to a 2θ of ∼20.8° were observed after adding the herbicide. Diffusion of the active ingredient in the polymer–herbicide conjugate resulted in much greater coverage (most of the weed leaf stomata (>95%)) than conventional spraying. The efficacy of both the polymer–herbicide formulation and herbicide at different doses in weed nurseries showed significantly higher weed mortality in Anagallis arvensis (95.4%), Chenopodium album (∼97%), and Ageratum conyzoides (93.16%) treated with the polymer–herbicide formulation @ 20 g a.i. ha –1 . Narrow SPAD readings range of A. arvensis (0.1–30.6) and that of C. album (0–5) were observed in the polymer–herbicide formulation @ 20 g a.i. ha –1 was at par with the conventional formulation @ 30 g a.i. ha –1 . Less regeneration in a weed nursery of A. arvensis (27%), C. album (77%), and A. conyzoides (49%) treated with gel formulations @ 20 g a.i. ha –1 was observed, which was significantly lower than those in conventional herbicides.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient Herbicide Delivery through a Conjugate Gel Formulation for the Mortality of Broad Leaf Weeds

et al. 2022

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“…Both species of Ageratum are annual or perennial herbs that are native to the tropical Americas and invasive in Asia, Africa, and Oceania. Ecophysiological studies (Singh et al, 2011) and impact assessments (Shrestha et al, 2019) have revealed that A. houstonianum has higher invasiveness with more severe impacts than A. conyzoides . Adenostemma is phylogenetically close to the genus Ageratum as both of them belong to the tribe Eupatorieae (Fu et al, 2016).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Germination ecology and seedling growth of invasive Ageratum species and allied native Adenostemma lavenia

Airi,

Dangol,

Shrestha

et al. 2023

Weed Biology and Management

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The success of invasive plants can be better understood by comparing their traits with closely related native species. This study compared germination ecology and seedling growth of invasive Ageratum houstonianum and Adenostemma conyzoides with co‐occurring and allied native Adenostemma lavenia. Seeds were germinated under a different light (12 h photoperiod/complete dark), temperatures (low: 25°C/15°C day/night, and high: 30°C/20°C), and different levels of water stress (−0.1, −0.25, −0.5, −0.75, and −1 MPa). Seedlings were grown to determine biomass allocation, relative growth rate (RGR), plant height, and number of leaves. The seed mass and size of native A. lavenia were higher than those of invasive species. Seeds of all species were positively photoblastic. At low temperature and in all levels of water stress, all measured parameters except mean germination time were the highest in A. houstonianum. However, at high temperature, there was no significant difference in germination percentage between A. houstonianum and A. lavenia. No germination of A. conyzoides and A. lavenia was recorded beyond −0.5 MPa water potential, but seeds of A. houstonianum germinated up to −0.75 MPa. A. houstonianum had higher root mass fraction, root‐to‐shoot ratio, and number of leaves than the other two species. Stem mass fraction and the height of seedling were highest in A. conyzoides. The RGR was 1.6 times higher in invasive Ageratum species than the native species; it was slightly higher in A. houstonianum than in A. conyzoides. Overall, the results suggest that germination traits and seedling growth performance can be used as predictors of a species' invasiveness.

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“…The oven dried plant material was used to determine the ash content. Ash content was measured after combustion of the sample in a muffle furnace at 550°C for 6 h (Singh et al, 2011). C content was determined by using the loss on ignition method (Mcbrayer and Cromack, 1980) which is approximately 50% of ash-free weight (van Soest, 1963).…”

Section: Vegetation Sampling and Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variations of biomass and carbon contents in different traits and components of herbaceous species from tropical grassland

Verma¹,

Sagar²,

Verma³

et al. 2019

afjbs

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Grasslands play a critical role in the global storage of atmospheric carbon (C). Precise estimation of C contents in different plant components is essential to formulate a strategy for mitigating the atmospheric C. Biomass (B) and C of different herbaceous plant components at species, functional group and site levels from tropical grassland locating on the campus of Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India were estimated. For this; 117 herbaceous species just-before flowering were harvested. B and C contents for each species and component were measured and statistically analyzed. The measured C (g plant -1 ) across the components varied from 0.08 to 31.12. On gm -2 basis; it varied between 29 (leaf) and 49 (root). Plant components, species and functional groups in isolation caused significant differences in the measured C. In the present study; the C content of stem was greater than the leaf and root. The perennial, erect, leguminous and native traits had greater C than the others. Therefore, this observation revealed that the perennial, erect, leguminous and native plants could be a better option for reducing the atmospheric CO 2 by capturing it and then converting into B through photosynthesis. Further, the fitted regression equation between the root and shoot for B and C could be used for the extrapolation of B and C of the root component based on the shoot component. The conservative field measurement methods may give precise data on B and C but are destructive to grassland, difficult, time-consuming, and costly to cover at large scale. Hence, the present work could be substantial for the estimation of root C based on shoot component.

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Eco-physiological performance of two invasive weed congeners (Ageratum conyzoides L. and Ageratum houstonianum Mill.) in the Indo-Gangetic plains of India

Cited by 20 publications

References 46 publications

Efficient Herbicide Delivery through a Conjugate Gel Formulation for the Mortality of Broad Leaf Weeds

Efficient Herbicide Delivery through a Conjugate Gel Formulation for the Mortality of Broad Leaf Weeds

Germination ecology and seedling growth of invasive Ageratum species and allied native Adenostemma lavenia

Variations of biomass and carbon contents in different traits and components of herbaceous species from tropical grassland

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