Eco-Friendly Urea Nanosack: Jute Grafted Silica Nanoring Woven Fertilizer to Control Urea Release and Enhance Crop Productivity

Abstract

A sustainable fertilizer coating using silica for urea release control has been developed using egg white as the binder, which forms an irreversible hydrophobic β-sheet on gentle heating and substitutes earlier petrochemical coatings. When the silica content is increased for diffusion control, the membrane becomes brittle; hence, for the first time here, jute grafted silica nanoring has been used, where the nanojute acts as a strong buckle for the egg white β-sheet fastener and serve as the sack for holding urea. Silica and egg white are inert, while the jute acts as an auto rate-cutter for spill-way pores in silica, which allows a threshold amount of nutrients to pass on initial wetting and then controls nutrient loss by swelling. Thus, both forms of loss, viz. volatility and liquid with humidity and flooding, respectively, get controlled. This eco-friendly noncovalent stable scalable urea coating shows 15% more efficiency in rice production.

Preparation and characterization of liquefied eggplant branch bio-based controlled-release fertilizer

“…The FITR spectra of CRU1 and SCRU1 showed that the characteristic peaks of N-H shift to the left at 3420 cm −1 and 3432 cm −1 , the characteristic peaks of βN-H shift to the right at 1620 and 1536 cm −1 , and showed the characteristic absorption peaks representing C-O-C bonds [43] at 1227 cm −1 and 1230 cm −1 (CRU1 and SCRU1 in Fig. 8), but the tensile vibration of SCRU1 modified by DS was more obvious than that of CRU1.…”

Soil-mimetic eco-friendly fertilizer gates: nanoclay-reinforced binary carbohydrates for improving crop efficiency

“…14,15,39 The details of mathematical models are given in Table 1. The experimental potassium quantification data were fitted to the following kinetics equation: 14…”

“…The dried harvested grains were weighed separately and referred to as grain/economic yield. The increase in economic and biological yield percentage for each treatment over control was calculated using the following equation: 14 Increase yield %…”

“…Here, LCA was performed using the GreenDelta openLCA 2.0.2. software. 14,46 In this study, cradle-to-gate analysis was performed for the system boundary of the developed coated fertilizer. For comparison, a previously reported coated potassium fertilizer, i.e., GO polymer latex composite-coated KNO 3 , was also analyzed.…”

Synthesis of Urea-Formaldehyde Fertilizers and Analysis of Factors Affecting These Processes

“…These environmental issues seriously affect the sustainable development of agricultural production [9]. Therefore, finding efficient and environmentally friendly fertilizers has become the key [10,11], and new controlled-release fertilizers are one of the important types [12][13][14][15][16].…”