Eco-Friendly Synthesis of Palladium Nanoparticles Using Melia azedarach Leaf Extract and Their Evaluation for Antimicrobial and Larvicidal Activities

Palladium Nanoparticles Fabricated by Green Chemistry: Promising Chemotherapeutic, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Agents

“…However, this antibacterial effect was found to be higher against Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (zone of inhibition: 27 and 24 mm, respectively) in comparison to Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis (zone of inhibition: 12 mm for both bacteria) making them promising cheap antibacterial candidates [ 74 ]. Bhakyaraj et al [ 75 ] reported on the rapid biosynthesis of Pd NPs employing Melia azedarach leaf extract. The biogenic synthesis was achieved by stirring the leaf extract with the Pd (II) ions at 100 °C for 20 min.…”

“…The biogenic synthesis was achieved by stirring the leaf extract with the Pd (II) ions at 100 °C for 20 min. The generated spherical Pd NPs had an average size range of 10–20 nm, and their formation was confirmed by the appearance of UV/Vis absorbance peak at 280 nm, which is characteristic to the surface plasmon resonance of Pd NPs [ 75 ]. The biosynthesized Pd NPs exhibited significant bactericidal activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria (the inhibition zones for B. subtilis = 8.33 ± 0.33 mm; for S. aureus, E. coli , and P. vulgaris = 7.33 ± 0.33 mm; and for Streptococcus pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa = 5.33 ± 0.33 mm) [ 75 ].…”

“…The generated spherical Pd NPs had an average size range of 10–20 nm, and their formation was confirmed by the appearance of UV/Vis absorbance peak at 280 nm, which is characteristic to the surface plasmon resonance of Pd NPs [ 75 ]. The biosynthesized Pd NPs exhibited significant bactericidal activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria (the inhibition zones for B. subtilis = 8.33 ± 0.33 mm; for S. aureus, E. coli , and P. vulgaris = 7.33 ± 0.33 mm; and for Streptococcus pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa = 5.33 ± 0.33 mm) [ 75 ]. In addition, the Pd NPs prepared using Melia azedarach leaf extract showed significant larvicidal activity against larvae of Aedes aegypti (LC50 = 27.36%; LC90 52.50%) [ 75 ].…”

“…The biosynthesized Pd NPs exhibited significant bactericidal activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria (the inhibition zones for B. subtilis = 8.33 ± 0.33 mm; for S. aureus, E. coli , and P. vulgaris = 7.33 ± 0.33 mm; and for Streptococcus pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa = 5.33 ± 0.33 mm) [ 75 ]. In addition, the Pd NPs prepared using Melia azedarach leaf extract showed significant larvicidal activity against larvae of Aedes aegypti (LC50 = 27.36%; LC90 52.50%) [ 75 ]. Two studies reported on the green synthesis of Pd NPs using Moringa oleifera flower and peel extracts yielding spherical nanoparticles with sizes 10–50 and 27 nm, respectively [ 76 , 77 ].…”

An Up-To-Date Review on Biomedical Applications of Palladium Nanoparticles

“…The antibacterial property of PdNPs was recently discovered and the reported data showed that PdNPs have a high potential for antimicrobial applications [31,33,46,47,[78][79][80]. As illustrated in Figure 1, the antibacterial mechanism of PdNPs included both physical and chemical modes.…”