Eco‐friendly synthesis from industrial wastewater of Fe and Cu nanoparticles over NaX zeolite and activity in 4‐nitrophenol reduction

Abstract

We deposited Fe and Cu over zeolite NaX (Fe/NaX and Cu/NaX) by adsorption from effluent industrial wastewater. We synthesized the zeolite NaX by the hydrothermal method. 5 g of NaX completely adsorbed 350 and 380 mg of Fe and Cu from the industrial wastewater, respectively, in 6 h. The distribution of Fe and Cu over the NaX was uniform and amounted at 14 and 18 mass%, respectively. Fe and Cu modify the morphology of the NaX zeolite: the particle size increased from 9 μm to 10 μm for the former and decreased to 3 μm for the latter. Fe/NaX and Cu/NaX are less crystalline than NaX. BET analysis showed that the specific surface area decreased by 30 % and 50 % compared to NaX for Fe/NaX and Cu/NaX, but the ratio between meso‐ and micropores increased by 7 and 13 times, respectively. Fe/NaX and Cu/NaX synthesized by adsorption from industrial wastewater reduced +99 % of 4‐p‐nitrophenol to 4‐aminophenol in less than 100 s, which is comparable to noble metal.

Langmuir-Hinshelwood-Hougen-Watson Heterogeneous Kinetics Model for the Description of Fe (II) Ion Exchange on Na-X Zeolite

“…Zeolites are microporous, crystalline aluminosilicates with a unique mix of physical and chemical properties that make them excellent for a wide range of uses in industry [1][2][3], agriculture, medicine [4], and environmental pollution cleanup [5]. Na-X zeolites are synthetic zeolites that have been used and investigated in industrial chemicals as ion exchangers, sorbents [5,6], and catalysts [7] due to their significant void volume of 50% of the frame structure, their ion exchange capacity, shape selectivity, and solid acid sites [8,9].…”

Bismuth Oxyhalides for NOx Degradation under Visible Light: The Role of the Chloride Precursor

“…In the last 20 years, photocatalysis has been applied to a wide variety of fields, from the environment [4][5][6], to the building industry [7], and energy-related areas [8] to biomedical specialties. The absorption of a photon of proper energy by a semiconductor promotes an electron from the valence band to the conduction band, which in turn creates an electron vacancy (hole) in the valence band.…”

One pot synthesis of nano Ag in calcium alginate beads and its catalytic application in p‐Nitrophenol reduction with kinetic parameter estimation and model fitting

“…To achieve this, noble metal nanoparticles can be used as highly efficient catalysts, and these nanoparticles were studied by several research groups. [ 23–26 ]…”

“…To achieve this, noble metal nanoparticles can be used as highly efficient catalysts, and these nanoparticles were studied by several research groups. [23][24][25][26] The current work describes the one-pot green synthesis of silver nanoparticles supported on calcium alginate (CA-Agnp) beads, the characterization of CA-Agnp, and the application as a catalyst for the reduction of p-nitrophenol (p-NP) to p-aminophenol (p-AP) using sodium borohydride as a reducing agent. There are two important ways of preparing CA-Agnp beads, as reported in the literature: (a) the absorption of Ag + ion in the previously prepared beads followed by reduction to silver nanoparticles (Agnp) by some external processes and (b) the preparation of colloidal solution of sodium alginate and Agnp followed by conversion into beads.…”

“…[6,7] Aromatic nitroarenes widely exist in industrial and agricultural wastewater as toxic organic compounds. [23,24] Among different aromatic nitroarenes, p-nitrophenol is the organic toxin that is most commonly found in the environment. To control pollution, the reduction of p-nitrophenol to a useful product (reduction product p-aminophenol is an important intermediate for the synthesis of pharmaceutical drugs) is an efficient method.…”