Eco-friendly extraction and characterization of chitin and chitosan from the shrimp shell waste via microwave irradiation

Knidri, Hakima El; Khalfaouy, Redouan El; Laajeb, Ali; Addaou, Abdellah; Lahsini, Ahmed

doi:10.1016/j.psep.2016.09.020

Cited by 162 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Chitin displays two characteristic crystalline peaks at 2Ɵ ≈ 9.4° and 2Ɵ ≈ 19.2°, whereas chitosan presents its crystalline reflections at 2Ɵ ≈ 10.1° and at 2Ɵ ≈ 20.0°. This data is in agreement with the literature . As far as chitosan obtained with the different DESs‐based system is concerned, its crystalline peaks appear at 2Ɵ ≈ 9.4° and 2Ɵ ≈ 19.3°, and 2Ɵ ≈ 8.9 and 2Ɵ ≈ 20.1 with Bet:G and [Ch]Cl:LA, respectively.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

α‐Chitin dissolution, N‐deacetylation and valorization in deep eutectic solvents

et al. 2020

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Chitin displays a highly rigid structure due to the vast intra-and intermolecular hydrogen bonding, thus hindering its dissolution and deacetylation using most solvents. Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are special and environmentally friendly solvents composed of a hydrogen bond acceptor and a hydrogen bond donor. This allows them to dissolve chitin by disturbing its natural hydrogen bonding while establishing new bonds, hence turning the polymer more susceptible to solvents. Therefore, four distinct DESs (choline chloride-lactic acid ([Ch]Cl:LA), choline chloride: oxalic acid ([Ch]Cl:OA), choline chloride:urea ([Ch]Cl:U) and betaine-glycerol (Bet:G))were applied in chitin dissolution, being the most performant ones further applied in its homogenous N-deacetylation with NaOH. In this work, a milder and more biocompatible approach was carried out by using 30 wt% NaOH at 80 C, instead of the typical ≥40 wt% NaOH at temperatures ≥100 C. Herein, the reaction process took up to 18 hours, being the results analyzed through ATR-FTIR. Chitin was converted into chitosan with a 70-80% degree of deacetylation (DDA) in a short period while using homogenous conditions. These promising results provide the first proof of concept of the ability of Bet:G and [Ch]Cl:LA-based DESs to be used as a greener approach for the chitin homogeneous N-deacetylation. K E Y W O R D S chitin valorization, chitosan biopolymer, deep eutectic solvent, homogeneous chitin N-deacetylation, sustainable process

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

α‐Chitin dissolution, N‐deacetylation and valorization in deep eutectic solvents

et al. 2020

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“…In previous studies, many researchers have used MW instead of WB heating in the conventional method of chitosan extraction and found that by setting high MW power, a better extraction effect can be achieved in a short time, but the temperature difference between the two methods was ignored (El Knidri, El Khalfaouy, Laajeb, Addaou, & Lahsini, 2016). In this study, a multistage MW heating program was used to simulate the heating curve of a WB in the process of deacetylation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The physicochemical properties of chitosan prepared by microwave heating

Cheng

Zhu

Huang

et al. 2020

Food Science & Nutrition

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The aim of this study was to compare the physicochemical properties of chitosan prepared by microwave and water bath heating with an equivalent quantity of heat intake. The structure and physicochemical properties of the chitosan obtained by these two methods were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X‐ray diffractometry (XRD), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The FTIR and XRD patterns show that there was no significant difference in the structure of chitosan produced by the two heat sources. The results showed that chitosan with 73.86% deacetylation was successfully prepared by microwave heating within 60 min, while a longer time of 180 min was required for the preparation of chitosan with the same deacetylation degree (74.47%) using the conventional heating method under the same heating rate. Even under the same temperature conditions, microwave technology can greatly reduce the reaction time by approximately 1/3, while the chitosan produced by microwaves can obtain relatively low molecular weight and viscosity. These results showed that microwaves may efficiently promote complete chemical reactions by the friction heating mechanism generated by molecular vibration beyond a rapid heating source, turning into a more efficient, energy‐saving, and environmentally friendly method for the further use of rigid shrimp shells and highly crystalline crustacean materials.

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“…This process intensification approach allowed them to obtain similar degrees of deacetylation of around 82% in only 24 min compared to 6 h using the standard procedure (El Knidri et al, 2016). El Knidri et al developed a method based on microwave irradiation for completing the stages of demineralization, deproteinization and deacetylation of shrimp waste, comparing it with traditional methods.…”

Section: Chitin and Chitosanmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…El Knidri et al developed a method based on microwave irradiation for completing the stages of demineralization, deproteinization and deacetylation of shrimp waste, comparing it with traditional methods. This process intensification approach allowed them to obtain similar degrees of deacetylation of around 82% in only 24 min compared to 6 h using the standard procedure (El Knidri et al, 2016). The exoskeleton of Norway lobster has also been the subject of a study to obtain chitin and chitosan, performing demineralization with HCl, subsequent deproteinization to chitin with Savinase Ò enzyme and transformation to chitosan with NaOH.…”

Section: Chitin and Chitosanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Food waste as a source of value‐added chemicals and materials: a biorefinery perspective

Esteban

Ladero

2018

Int J of Food Sci Tech

116

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Summary As the availability of fossil‐based resources declines, there is an impending necessity of finding alternative feedstock able to secure the production of fuels and chemicals. Exploitation of biomass as renewable source of chemicals is an attractive possibility, in particular the one derived from food waste (FW). Every year, large amounts of waste are generated within or at the end of the food supply chain at the consumers use stage and hence its valorisation attracts great attention. FW has proven a valuable feedstock for its exploitation to produce a wide array of intermediates and products with promising applications in industry, owing to their similar performance with respect to established products. These include organic acids and furans (generally used as platform chemicals to further products); polymers like bacterial cellulose, polyhydroxyalkanoates or chitin; biosurfactants; biolubricants; or nanoparticles. This overview covers the latest trends in chemical, enzymatic and biotechnological processes reported in literature on the production of these chemicals and materials, with a focus on the use of FW as raw material.

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Eco-friendly extraction and characterization of chitin and chitosan from the shrimp shell waste via microwave irradiation

Cited by 162 publications

References 17 publications

α‐Chitin dissolution, N‐deacetylation and valorization in deep eutectic solvents

α‐Chitin dissolution, N‐deacetylation and valorization in deep eutectic solvents

The physicochemical properties of chitosan prepared by microwave heating

Food waste as a source of value‐added chemicals and materials: a biorefinery perspective

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