Eco-friendly copper recovery process from waste printed circuit boards using Fe3+/Fe2+ redox system

Fogarasi, Szabolcs; Imre-Lucaci, Florica; Egedy, Attila; Imre‐Lucaci, Árpád; Ilea, Petru

doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2015.02.030

Cited by 75 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…In this perspective, wastewaters generated by hydrometallurgical processes of Waste Electric and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) treatment could be a potential target of this kind of processes, since they contain a large amount of valuable metals (Behnamfard et al, 2013;Menad et al, 2013;Mueller et al, 2015). The main available technologies for metal recovery are electrodeposition (Fogarasi et al, 2015), solvent extraction (Akcil et al, 2015) or precipitation (Behnamfard et al, 2013); they are able to purify and recover noble metals as copper, gold or silver, but they are still quite unsatisfying for what concerns Rare Earths (REs) (Binnemans et al, 2013). By the way, REs content in electronic devices is constantly increasing (Gutiérrez-Gutiérrez et al, 2015) and their supply is critical (Smith Stegen, 2015;Tunsu et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of natural clays as sorbent materials for rare earth ions: Materials characterization and set up of the operative parameters

et al. 2015

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of natural clays as sorbent materials for rare earth ions: Materials characterization and set up of the operative parameters

et al. 2015

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“…Basically, WPCBs, are composed (wt %) of approximately 40% metals, 30% ceramics, and 30% plastics , however, these values can vary greatly depending on the WPCB type, manufacturer and year of production. WPCBs have a relatively small weight share (∼ 6%) in overall WEEE stream , nevertheless their recycling is still viewed as relevant. These views are reasoned since Gold (Au) and Silver (Ag), also Palladium (Pd) make up the biggest part of WPCB value .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Separation and purification of metal and fiberglass extracted from waste printed circuit boards using milling and dissolution techniques

Tatariants

Yousef

Денафас

et al. 2018

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

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Pulverization operations are extensively used in the recycling of waste printed circuit boards (WPCBs) for liberation of metal and fiberglass in powder shape. The types of liberated metals can vary greatly, for instance it can be copper, tin, lead, aluminum, nickel, gold, palladium, and so forth. However, the obtained metal and nonmetal particles remain contaminated by hazardous material—Brominated Epoxy Resin (BER) what can result in series of environmental and health issues during the further processing. The developed approach was focused on the extraction of uncontaminated copper and fiberglass (which are considered the basic elements that can make up >50% of total WPCB weight) in the form of micro‐particles. To achieve this goal, WPCB samples were cut from areas with high copper concentration while the other components like solder and through‐hole pads (containing other metals) were avoided. At the next step, high energy ball milling was used to grind WPCBs and obtain BER/metal and BER/fiberglass particles. After that, Dimethylformamide (DMF) and ultrasonication were used for dissolution of BER in the powder at a low temperature 50°C, whereas the total treatment time was 4 h and solid to liquid ratio was 1:6 (w/v). Finally, centrifugation was employed to separate the liquid phase (BER/DMF solution) from solid phase (metal and fiberglass particles). The experiments were conducted on five WPCB samples of the same weight that were cut from the five different WPCB models. After the experiments used DMF was regenerated by a rotary evaporator. Ultraviolet‐Visible Spectroscopy, metallographic microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and SEM‐EDS were used to examine the structure of recovered BER, fiberglass, regenerated DMF, and base metal compositions of each sample. The results showed that the metal composition of samples directly depended on WPCB model types. Also, the treatment significantly improved the purity of the extracted fiberglass, therefore it can be used as a high‐purity micro‐filler material for composite applications; the same purification was observed for recovered copper. © 2018 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 37: 1901–1907, 2018

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“…The cumulative quantity of waste PCBs is around 1.5-2 million tons every year, representing 6 wt.% of the total WEEE (Fogarasi et al, 2015). Waste PCBs are a heterogeneous and complex mixture.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The proposed technologies include mainly pyrometallurgy (Cayumil et al, 2014;Flandinet et al, 2012), hydrometallurgy (Fogarasi et al, 2015;Tuncuk et al, 2012;Birloaga et al, 2014), bio-technology (Rodrigues et al, 2015;Pant et al, 2012;Zhu et al, 2011), and mechanical methods (Chao et al, 2011;Duan et al, 2009). Among these technologies, hydrometallurgical processes with relatively low capital costs, no gas/dust formation, operational selectivity and suitability for small scale applications are propitious alternatives for the treatment of waste PCBs (Birloaga et al, 2013;Xiu et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel recovery method of copper from waste printed circuit boards by supercritical methanol process: Preparation of ultrafine copper materials

Xiu

Weng

et al. 2017

Waste Management

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a b s t r a c tIn this study, supercritical methanol (SCM) process was successfully used for the preparation of ultrafine copper materials from waste printed circuit boards (PCBs) after nitric acid pretreatment. Waste PCBs were pretreated twice in nitric acid. Sn and Pb were recovered by the first nitric acid pretreatment. The leach liquor with a high concentration of copper ions after the second nitric acid leaching was subjected to SCM process. The mixture of Cu and Cu 2 O with poor uniformity of particle size was formed due to the effect of ferric iron contained in the leach liquor of waste PCBs, while more uniform and spherical Cu particles with high monodispersity and smaller size could be prepared after the removal of Fe. The size of Cu particles increased obviously with the decline of SCM temperature, and particles became highly aggregated when the reaction temperature decreased to 300°C. The size of Cu particles decreased markedly with the decrease of initial concentration of copper ion in the leach liquor of waste PCBs. It is believed that the process developed in this study is simple and practical for the preparation of ultrafine copper materials from waste PCBs with the aim of recycling these waste resources as a high value-added product.

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Eco-friendly copper recovery process from waste printed circuit boards using Fe3+/Fe2+ redox system

Cited by 75 publications

References 33 publications

Use of natural clays as sorbent materials for rare earth ions: Materials characterization and set up of the operative parameters

Use of natural clays as sorbent materials for rare earth ions: Materials characterization and set up of the operative parameters

Separation and purification of metal and fiberglass extracted from waste printed circuit boards using milling and dissolution techniques

A novel recovery method of copper from waste printed circuit boards by supercritical methanol process: Preparation of ultrafine copper materials

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