“…The more recent eco-evolutionary approach, which integrates ecological and evolutionary processes in a more explicit way, has attracted increasing interest and debate since the early 2000s (e.g., Bassar et al, 2021;Erwin, 2008;Hendry, 2017Hendry, , 2019Laland et al, 2016;Loreau, 2010;Matthews et al, 2011Matthews et al, , 2014Odling-Smee et al, 2003;Post & Palkovacs, 2009;Ware et al, 2019). Its underlying concept is based on the consideration that ecological and evolutionary changes can be congruent over short and long timescales and can generate stable and resilient emergent ecological structures and interaction networks (Fronhofer et al, 2023;Gibling & Davies, 2012;Govaert et al, 2019;Hendry, 2017;Matthews et al, 2014;Sultan, 2015). Eco-evolutionary models have helped establish reciprocal couplings between ecological processes, such as population growth, resource competition, trophic and other types of interaction networks and fluxes of matter and energy in modified landscapes, that occur at higher levels of ecosystems, and molecular structures and processes, such as DNA transcription to RNA, RNA translation into proteins, or gene mutation and expression, that occur at the lowest molecular level (Hendry, 2017).…”